Question 12.28 Explain, why an organic liquid vaporises at a temperature below its boiling point in its steam distillation?
Class XI Organic Chemistry : Some Basic Principles and Techniques Page 363
Class XI Organic Chemistry : Some Basic Principles and Techniques Page 363
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HiHere is your answer,
In steam distillation the mixture consisting of the organic liquid and water boils when the sum of the vapour pressure of the organic liquid (p₁) and that of water (p₂) becomes equal to the atmospheric pressure (p) p = p₁ + p₂
Since, p₁ is lower then p, the organic liquid vaporises at lower temperature then its boiling point.