On Games And Fairness Hiroyuki Iida Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Ishikawa, Japan [email protected] Abstract. In this paper we conjecture that the game-theoretic value of a sophisticated two player game is a draw. To discuss the game-theoretic value the concept of fairness in a typical two player game is studied. Fairness comes from the equal or nearly equal winning ratio for White and Black. It implies that for the omniscient players the outcome of a game is a draw, if the game is fair. Keywords: two player game, fairness, game-theoretic value, initiative 1 Introduction Fairness or equality is an essential component of games. Without it a game would lose its charm and therefore forgotten in the past. So it is a serious matter to maintain fairness of games as well as attractiveness in the history of games. People understand the importance of fairness in any games without any specific definition. V.d.Herik et al. (2002) mentioned a concept of fairness. Here, a game is a fair game if its game-theoretic value is a draw and both players have roughly an equal probability on making a mistake. Iida (2004) observed it in term of the evolution of games as follows. Evolution of games reveals a glimpse of what human intelligence has sought in the history, and all the games in different parts of the world are similar in the fact that man plays them while seeking both thrilling and fairness from them. A two player game with a turn to move would be dead if it cannot keep an acceptable balance of the winning ratio for White and Black. Namely, such a game can no longer be fair in the practical sense. The course of the article is as follows. In Section 2 we present a short survey of the early studies on the game-theoretic value prediction with focus on the advantage of the initiative and the mobility in the initial position of a game. In Section 3 we study the concept of fairness in games and define it from the practical point of view. We then present a conjecture about the game-theoretic value of a sophisticated two player game. Several sophisticated games that were solved are examined in this way. In Section 4 we discuss related issues. Finally, Section 5 gives our conclusions.
Playing fair helps children enjoy the experience of playing together. It's also an important part of getting along with others. And when children get along well with others, it gives them a sense of belonging and helps them grow and thrive.
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On Games And Fairness Hiroyuki Iida Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Ishikawa, Japan [email protected] Abstract. In this paper we conjecture that the game-theoretic value of a sophisticated two player game is a draw. To discuss the game-theoretic value the concept of fairness in a typical two player game is studied. Fairness comes from the equal or nearly equal winning ratio for White and Black. It implies that for the omniscient players the outcome of a game is a draw, if the game is fair. Keywords: two player game, fairness, game-theoretic value, initiative 1 Introduction Fairness or equality is an essential component of games. Without it a game would lose its charm and therefore forgotten in the past. So it is a serious matter to maintain fairness of games as well as attractiveness in the history of games. People understand the importance of fairness in any games without any specific definition. V.d.Herik et al. (2002) mentioned a concept of fairness. Here, a game is a fair game if its game-theoretic value is a draw and both players have roughly an equal probability on making a mistake. Iida (2004) observed it in term of the evolution of games as follows. Evolution of games reveals a glimpse of what human intelligence has sought in the history, and all the games in different parts of the world are similar in the fact that man plays them while seeking both thrilling and fairness from them. A two player game with a turn to move would be dead if it cannot keep an acceptable balance of the winning ratio for White and Black. Namely, such a game can no longer be fair in the practical sense. The course of the article is as follows. In Section 2 we present a short survey of the early studies on the game-theoretic value prediction with focus on the advantage of the initiative and the mobility in the initial position of a game. In Section 3 we study the concept of fairness in games and define it from the practical point of view. We then present a conjecture about the game-theoretic value of a sophisticated two player game. Several sophisticated games that were solved are examined in this way. In Section 4 we discuss related issues. Finally, Section 5 gives our conclusions.
Answer:
Playing fair helps children enjoy the experience of playing together. It's also an important part of getting along with others. And when children get along well with others, it gives them a sense of belonging and helps them grow and thrive.