Option A - 1, 2 and 3

■ Explanation :-

• A marine protected area (MPA) is essentially a space in the seas, oceans, estuaries where human activities are more strictly regulated than the surrounding waters - similar to parks we have on land. These places are given special protections for natural or historic marine resources by local, state, territorial, native, regional, or national authorities.

• Pakshipitti (pakshi meaning "bird" in Malayalam, Telugu and Tamil), is an uninhabited coral islet in the Union Territory of Lakshadweep, India. Pitti Bird Sanctuary is a small reef that is approximately 24 north-west of Kavaratti, is one of the major tourist attractions of Lakshadweep and there’s a lot of concern related to this island and the government has taken a lot of initiatives for the very same.

• Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary and estuary situated near Kakinada in Andhra Pradesh, India. It is the second-largest stretch of mangrove forests in India with 24 mangrove tree species and more than 120 bird species. It is home to the critically endangered white-backed vulture and the long-billed vulture. In a mangrove ecosystem, the water bodies of the ocean/sea and the river meet together at a certain point.

• Gahirmatha Marine Sanctuary is a marine wildlife sanctuary located in Odisha and is a very popular tourist attraction of Odisha in India. It is the world's largest nesting beach for Olive Ridley Turtles. It extends from Dhamra River mouth in the north to Brahmani river mouth in the south. It is very famous for its nesting beach for olive ridley sea turtles. It is one of the world's most important nesting beaches for turtles. Hence the correct option is (a)

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Explanation:

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