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Respiratory System

The process involved in the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism and its environment is called respiration.

Respiration is divided into two stages: breathing and cellular respiration.

• Nostrils serve as the opening to the respiratory tract.

• Pharynx connects mouth and nasal cavity to the esophagus.

• Epiglottis is a flap of cartilage that opens when breathing and closes when swallowing.

• Larynx, also known as the voice box, is involved in sound production.

• Trachea, also known as windpipe, connects the larynx and pharynx to the lungs.

• Bronchi are two air passageway tubes branching out from the trachea that directs air to the lungs. They branch out into smaller tubes known as brionchioles.

• Lungs are the main organ for respiration where oxygen is taken into and carbon dioxide is expelled out.

• Alveoli are tiny sac-like structures present at the end of bronchioles.

• Diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle at the bottom of the lungs that expands or contracts when breathing.