Answer:

1. C

2. Carbon gets its name from the Latin word "carbo" meaning charcoal or coal. There are two stable naturally occurring isotopes of carbon, carbon-12 and carbon-13. Carbon-12 makes up almost 99% of the carbon found on Earth.

3. Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element which differ in neutron number, and consequently in nucleon number. All isotopes of a given element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons in each atom.

4. By far the most common isotope of carbon is carbon-12 (12C), which contains six neutrons in addition to its six protons. The next heaviest carbon isotope, carbon-13 (13C), has seven neutrons. Both 12C and 13C are called stable isotopes since they do not decay into other forms or elements over time.

5. Physical States — Melting Points, Boiling Points, and Densities. In the periodic table above, black squares indicate elements which are solids at room temperature (about 22ºC)*, those in blue squares are liquids at room temperature, and those in red squares are gases at room temperature.

Explanation:

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