Basically, solubility increases with temperature. It is the case for most of the solvents. The situation is though different for gases. With increase of the temperature they became less soluble in each other and in water, but more soluble in organic solvents.
Polarity
In most cases solutes dissolve in solvents that have a similar polarity. Chemists use a popular aphorism to describe this feature of solutes and solvents: "Like dissolves like". Non-polar solutes do not dissolve in polar solvents and the other way round.
Pressure
Solid and liquid solutes
For majority of solid and liquid solutes, pressure does not affect solubility.
Gas solutes
As for gasses the Henry's law states that solubility of gas is directly proportional to the pressure of this gas. This is mathematically presented as: p = kc, where k is a temperature dependent constant for a gas.
Molecular size
The larger the molecules of the solute are, the larger is their molecular weight and their size. It is more difficult it is for solvent molecules to surround bigger molecules. Stirring only increases the speed of the process - it increases move of the solvent what exposes solute to fresh portions of it, thus enabling solubility.
Answers & Comments
Answer:
Temperature,Polarity,Pressure,Gas Solutes,Molecular Size,
Explanation:
Factors affecting solubility
Temperature
Basically, solubility increases with temperature. It is the case for most of the solvents. The situation is though different for gases. With increase of the temperature they became less soluble in each other and in water, but more soluble in organic solvents.
Polarity
In most cases solutes dissolve in solvents that have a similar polarity. Chemists use a popular aphorism to describe this feature of solutes and solvents: "Like dissolves like". Non-polar solutes do not dissolve in polar solvents and the other way round.
Pressure
Solid and liquid solutes
For majority of solid and liquid solutes, pressure does not affect solubility.
Gas solutes
As for gasses the Henry's law states that solubility of gas is directly proportional to the pressure of this gas. This is mathematically presented as: p = kc, where k is a temperature dependent constant for a gas.
Molecular size
The larger the molecules of the solute are, the larger is their molecular weight and their size. It is more difficult it is for solvent molecules to surround bigger molecules. Stirring only increases the speed of the process - it increases move of the solvent what exposes solute to fresh portions of it, thus enabling solubility.