Answer:

Rice for intensive production systems

The growing global demand for rice means that this staple food will have to be produced more intensively in Asia, Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean. Asian urban centers hold the majority of the world’s urban poor and, within the next 25 years, nearly 55% of the population of Asia will be located in these areas. Both the urban and rural poor require food at affordable prices and this must come from increased productivity in intensive rice systems, which account for 75% of total rice production.

Similarly, Africa’s intensive irrigation schemes and expansion are expected to contribute greatly in enhancing rice production in Africa. Varieties that do well in Asian irrigation schemes are expected to also perform well in Africa. For example, the well-known Sahel108 variety widely grown in the Senegal River Valley is originally an IRRI variety.

IRRI develops elite inbred rice lines with higher yield potential, multiple resistances to insects and diseases, and superior grain quality. We also explore the higher yield potential of newer varieties released for irrigated systems.

We develop rice varieties that are better adapted to aerobic conditions, given the increasing water scarcity threatening agriculture and livelihoods, which will be pronounced in many areas. Similarly, we develop varieties specifically suited to mechanized direct seeding (due to labor shortage) as well as varieties for evolving conservation agriculture systems.

New generation of elite inbreds with increased yield potential

We develop higher-yielding varieties by harnessing the power of quantitative genetics to systematically improve the performance of an elite breeding pool for key agronomic traits, including yield. We also do this by accelerating the breeding cycles through rapid generation advance technology, allowing us to test new material more quickly and recycle their superior genetics in the next breeding cycle.

High-yielding varieties for irrigated systems in Asia

Conventional transplanted systems in Asia represent the largest areas of rice cultivation. Although high-yielding varieties are grown in these areas, continual progress is necessary to incorporate disease and insect resistance and improved grain quality into rice varieties. Farmers in these areas are expected to rapidly adopt new varieties that are superior to the older varieties being planted.

Explanation:

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