Answer:

1. An ecosystem refers to a community of living organisms that live and interact in a specific environment. An example of a diverse ecosystem includes oceans, forests, deserts,  grasslands, and wetlands. An ecosystem is an environmental area where people, plants, animals, and microorganisms with appropriate climatic conditions work together to sustain life. Ecosystems are composed of biotic and abiotic factors. Ecological diversity represents the different species of flora and fauna in the ecosystem with their respective environment.

Types of Ecosystems

The different types of an ecosystem are:

artificial

terrestrial

lentic  

lotic

Levels of Biodiversity  

These are the levels of biodiversity:

genetic diversity

species diversity

ecosystem diversity

2. Rainforest is the home of tall evergreen trees with a high volume of rainfall. The rain forest is known as the lungs of the Earth because it regulates the planet’s climate by absorbing CO₂. Similar to lungs, trees absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen necessary for animal and human survival. Amazon rainforest is the world's largest tropical rainforest in Brazil. Meanwhile, Bukit Nanas Forest Reserve is the smallest rainforest located in  Malaysia.

Types of Rainforest

There are two types of rainforest:

A tropical rainforest is found near the equator the warm region.

Temperate rainforest in cooler regions such as north or south equator  

Threats to Rainforest

These are human practices that cause threats to the rainforest:

Deforestation

Oil extraction

Dam-construction

3. The major parts of rain forests are emergent layer, canopy, understory, and forest floor. The emergent layer is the top layer of the rainforest that receive a large amount of direct sunlight. The canopy layer inhibits rainfall because of the pile of thick leaves from different trees. The understory layer does not receive enough amount of sunlight but vines and small plants can survive in this layer. The forest floor serves as forest ground where dried leaves and twigs are abundant.

4.  Coral reefs provide an important ecosystem for life underwater, protect coastal areas by reducing the power of waves hitting the coast, and provide a crucial source of income for millions of people. Coral reefs teem with diverse life. Thousands of species can be found living on one reef.

5. Scientists generally divide coral reefs into four classes: fringing reefs, barrier reefs, atolls, and patch reefs. Fringing reefs grow near the coastline around islands and continents. They are separated from the shore by narrow, shallow lagoons. Fringing reefs are the most common type of reef that we see.

Explanation:

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