Isotopes are atoms of the same element having the same atomic number but different atomic masses.
The difference in the masses of isotopes of an element is due to the different number of neutrons in the nucleus.
Since all the isotopes of an element have identical electronic configuration containing the same number of Valence Electrons, therefore, all the isotopes of an element show identical chemical properties.
Isobars:
Atoms of different elements with the atomic number for the same mass number are called isobars.
Isobars have different chemical properties because they have different atomic numbers & their electronic configuration is different.
The electronic configuration is the arrangement of electrons in different atomic orbitals.
The electrons will be filled in the different respective orbitals.
The S - orbitals can have two electrons and p - orbitals can hold six electrons and d - orbitals can hold ten electrons and f - orbitals can hold fourteen electrons with it.
Isotopes:
Isotopes are atoms having the same atomic number but possessing different mass numbers.
The electronic configuration of elements depends on the number of electrons.
Isotopes do not show any change in electron number, so there will be no change in the electronic configuration.
Example. carbon
Isobars:
Isobars are atoms of different elements having the same mass number i.e. protons and neutrons.
The proton number will be equal to the number of electrons.
Here, the electronic configuration differs for the isobars because the atomic number of elements differs in the case of isobars which means the proton number differs which makes the electron number also differ and the electronic configuration differs.
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Explanation:
Isotopes:
Isotopes are atoms of the same element having the same atomic number but different atomic masses.
The difference in the masses of isotopes of an element is due to the different number of neutrons in the nucleus.
Since all the isotopes of an element have identical electronic configuration containing the same number of Valence Electrons, therefore, all the isotopes of an element show identical chemical properties.
Isobars:
Atoms of different elements with the atomic number for the same mass number are called isobars.
Isobars have different chemical properties because they have different atomic numbers & their electronic configuration is different.
Two isotopes of carbon are :
12
C
6
&
14
C
6
Electronic configuration are:
12
C
6
=2,4
14
C
6
=2,4
Two isobars of calcium and Argon are:
40
Ca
20
&
40
Ar
18
Electronic configuration are:
40
Ca
20
=2,8,8,2
40
Ar
28
=2,8,8
Answer:
Electronic configuration:
Isotopes:
Isobars: