Nanak’s era (1469-1539) made the beginning of vital transformations of social order toward making earth for better living. In this process, initially Nanak could attract only a few people around him as society during that period was greatly divided on the basis of social status, culturally, religion wise, caste creed, and gender dimensions etc. Further, common man was living in a grip of terror and suffering from fear psychosis. Nanak passionately began working for social harmony and uplifted their moral thereby people (one after the other) started appreciating his wisdom by joining him as his disciple (Sishya-Guru Ka Sikh).

Guru Ka Sikh is one who abides by and lives on the Sikh philosophy lay down by Sri Guru Nanak Dev ji, that was ably carried forward by all the successive Gurus (Nanak 2- Guru Angad Dev Ji to Nanak 10-Guru Gobind Singh ji). These well laid guiding principles and Gurus Banis, subsequently formed the basis of the Sri Guru Granth Sahib (SGGS)-the XIth eternal Sikh Guru. Thus, the basic Nanak’s philosophy has become eternal and bindings on every Sikh.

Society- under the grip of miseries

Baba Nanak, right from his childhood had a spiritual bent of mind. He remained deeply upset and distressed to see lot of ills in the society which was completely camouflaged by blind faith. There was complete Hindu, Muslim divide. Society by and large was deeply engrossed in blind faith, idol worshiping (murti- puja), bhoot- prêt, jadu- tona, witch hunting, illusion and many other meaningless rituals including fasting. People living in fear and many factitious babas/sufi/ mahatma/ magicians/ dhongi pundits/ were taking advantage during distressing situations and extracting money and wealth by terrorizing the masses and even made them slaves. Women were made dasis (household kept) by rich and so called dhongi Gurus and all forms of atrocities/ sexual abuse showered on them. Fake Vaids/ quacks were adding fuel to the fire. There were clear distinctions between upper caste from down trodden, poor and low caste people. There were atrocities and suppressions all around on the weak and low caste group. Further, to place women at a lower status, these virtually were made universal rules/ laws. Women were made to live under lot of restrictions and suppression. Many religious and social acts/ functions were kept out of bond for women. Girls from childhood were made to believe (even by household women) that they are made inferior to men by GOD himself. In event, a woman becoming widow had been a lifelong curse on her. She had to either sit on the fire or get Satti along with husband’s dead body or else she is placed as a social condemn. She was made to sit/ sleep on the floor in house or outside the temple/ churches. All rubbish and abuses were thrown at her even by own close ones. Seeing a widow in the morning was taken a bad omen. Man on the other hand, continues to enjoy all social privileges even by getting remarriage again and again.

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