Explanation:

Joint forest management is a policy of forest conservation in which the government and local communities strive for the conservation of forests.

Chipko Movement: Chipko Movement was a forest conservation movement in India. It began in 1973. Alaknanda floods alarmed people of how deforestation has resulted in the disturbance.

Beej Bachao Andolan is a forest conservatory movement which not only aimed at protecting traditional seeds but also to promote the local traditions of the communities living there.

All of the above movements involved communities. But wildlife sanctuaries are demarcated to limit the entry of local communities into forest areas this is done by the Government and Forest