The Rh blood group was discovered in 1940 by Landsteiner and Wiener. The Rh blood group system is based on the presence or absence of Rh antigen ( or Rh factor) on the plasma membrane of RBC. The Rh factor was named after the rhesus monkey, Macacus rhesus in which it was discovered first. The Rh antigen are located on two Rhesus proteins - Rh D & Rh CE -encoded by two highly polymorphic genes , RHD and RHCE and are expressed only in RBCs. Both these two proteins are transmembrane, multi pass protein present on the plasma membrane of RBC. Rh D protein carries D antigen and Rh CE protein carries CE antigens in various combinations. The classification of Rh positive & Rh negative in different individuals is determined by the presence or absence of the D antigen on the surface of the RBC. If D antigen is present on the person's RBC then the person is Rh -positive & if D antigen is absent then the person is Rh - negative. The Rh- negative condition arises either due to absence of Rh D protein or due to a series of changes in the Rh D protein, which in turn causes the changes in the phenotype of the D antigen. The Rh positive condition is more common.
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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is common in remote Aboriginal communities. Risk factors of RHD. Symptoms of RHD. Rheumatic fever explained.
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The full form of RhD is rhesus D antigen.
Explanation:
The Rh blood group was discovered in 1940 by Landsteiner and Wiener. The Rh blood group system is based on the presence or absence of Rh antigen ( or Rh factor) on the plasma membrane of RBC. The Rh factor was named after the rhesus monkey, Macacus rhesus in which it was discovered first. The Rh antigen are located on two Rhesus proteins - Rh D & Rh CE -encoded by two highly polymorphic genes , RHD and RHCE and are expressed only in RBCs. Both these two proteins are transmembrane, multi pass protein present on the plasma membrane of RBC. Rh D protein carries D antigen and Rh CE protein carries CE antigens in various combinations. The classification of Rh positive & Rh negative in different individuals is determined by the presence or absence of the D antigen on the surface of the RBC. If D antigen is present on the person's RBC then the person is Rh -positive & if D antigen is absent then the person is Rh - negative. The Rh- negative condition arises either due to absence of Rh D protein or due to a series of changes in the Rh D protein, which in turn causes the changes in the phenotype of the D antigen. The Rh positive condition is more common.