Answer:

Rolling resistance is the force that resists the motion of a wheel or an axle when it is rolling on a surface. It is caused by the deformation of the surface that the wheel or axle is rolling on and the internal friction in the materials of the wheel and axle.

Rolling resistance can affect the wheel and axle in several ways. It can cause a reduction in the speed and efficiency of the vehicle or machine that uses the wheel and axle. It can also cause heat buildup, which can lead to mechanical failure of the wheel or axle.

The wheel radius and axle radius on a steering wheel in a normal-sized car can vary depending on the make and model of the car. However, in general, the radius of the wheel is typically between 12-18 inches (30-45 cm), while the radius of the axle is usually less than 2 inches (5 cm).

In the case of a wooden ship, the wheel and axle are typically much larger in size than those in a car. The wheel, also known as the ship's helm, can have a radius of several feet or more, while the axle, which is connected to the helm and the rudder, can have a diameter of several inches or more, depending on the size of the ship. Rolling resistance can be a significant factor for a ship's helm and rudder, especially in heavy seas, and can affect the ship's maneuverability and stability.