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Chromosomes are basic building blocks of life that carry all of the information used to help a cell grow, thrive and reproduce. Chromosomes are made up of DNA. There are four types of chromosomes- metacentric, sub-metacentric, acrocentric and telocentric chromosomes.

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Answer:

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Explanation:

Chromosomes are thread-like structures found in the nucleus of all living cells. They control all the charcteristics of an organism through units called genes present in them. They also transfer these units to the next generation through gametes. Chromosomes are divided into four types based on the position of the centromere.

(1) Metacentric chromosomes: In these chromosomes, the centromere is present in the middle, which gives rise to two equal arms.

(2) Sub-metacentric chromosomes: In sub-metacentric chromosomes, the centromere lies slightly away from the middle region. As a result, it has one arm slightly longer than the other. The longer arm is the q arm, while the shorter arm is the p arm

(3) Acrocentric chromosomes: in acrocentric chromosomes, the centromere is located close to the end of the chromosome. As a result, it has one arm, which is extremely long (q arm) and the other, which is extremely short (p arm).

(4) Telocentric chromosomes: In telocentric chromosomes, the centromere is present at the terminal end. As a result, the chromosome has only one arm.

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