Answer:

Genetic code is the term we use for the way that the four bases of DNA--the A, C, G, and Ts--are strung together in a way that the cellular machinery, the ribosome, can read them and turn them into a protein. In the genetic code, each three nucleotides in a row count as a triplet and code for a single amino acid.

Characteristics of the Genetic Code

The genetic code has a number of important characteristics.

The genetic code is universal. All known living organisms use the same genetic code. This shows that all organisms share a common evolutionary history.

The genetic code is unambiguous. Each codon codes for just one amino acid (or start or stop).

The genetic code is redundant. Most amino acids are encoded by more than one codon.

Stages of Translation in Protein Synthesis

Initiation: Ribosomal subunits bind to mRNA.

Elongation: The ribosome moves along the mRNA molecule linking amino acids and forming a polypeptide chain.

Termination: The ribosome reaches a stop codon, which terminates protein synthesis and releases the ribosome.

It includes three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. After the mRNA is processed, it carries the instructions to a ribosome in the cytoplasm. Translation occurs at the ribosome, which consists of rRNA and proteins

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