Answer:

A direct driver, such as habitat change, explicitly influences ecosystem processes.

An indirect driver, such as human population change, operates more diffusely, by altering one or more direct drivers.

Drivers affecting ecosystem services and human well-being range from local to global and from immediate to long-term, which makes both their assessment and management complex. Climate change may operate on a global or large regional scale; political change may operate at the scale of a nation or a municipal district. Socio-cultural change typically occurs slowly, on a time scale of decades, while economic changes tend to occur more rapidly.