All trees have a shoot system, or top, and a root system. With few exceptions, the top is genetically different from the root system. They are two different plants, genetically distinct, growing separately. The separate plants were united in a way that caused the two to grow together and function as one. This is accomplished through plant propagation. Budding and grafting are asexual or vegetative techniques used to maintain the cultivated varieties (cultivars) nearly all of which are clones. Due to open pollination, more than 99 percent of all seedlings grown from clones bear fruit that is inferior to that produced by the parent trees. Fruit will be unlike parents in flavor, color, date of ripening, and many other characteristics – typically not “true-to-type” or “true-to-name.” For this reason, it is necessary to graft or bud most kinds of fruit tree seedlings to the desired variety to obtain a “true-to-name” tree of any known variety.The two parts of the compound plant are known as the stock (or understock or rootstock) and the scion. The stock refers to the lower part of the grafted plant—the part that produces the root system. The scion is the upper portion that produces the shoot system. In budding, a detached bud of the desired variety is placed under the bark of a seedling tree. In a few weeks, the bud shield and the seedling heal together, then the bud of the desired variety grows to produce the new tree, which is genetically like the parent tree from which the bud was taken and which produces fruit true to the variety.
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Answer:
All trees have a shoot system, or top, and a root system. With few exceptions, the top is genetically different from the root system. They are two different plants, genetically distinct, growing separately. The separate plants were united in a way that caused the two to grow together and function as one. This is accomplished through plant propagation. Budding and grafting are asexual or vegetative techniques used to maintain the cultivated varieties (cultivars) nearly all of which are clones. Due to open pollination, more than 99 percent of all seedlings grown from clones bear fruit that is inferior to that produced by the parent trees. Fruit will be unlike parents in flavor, color, date of ripening, and many other characteristics – typically not “true-to-type” or “true-to-name.” For this reason, it is necessary to graft or bud most kinds of fruit tree seedlings to the desired variety to obtain a “true-to-name” tree of any known variety.The two parts of the compound plant are known as the stock (or understock or rootstock) and the scion. The stock refers to the lower part of the grafted plant—the part that produces the root system. The scion is the upper portion that produces the shoot system. In budding, a detached bud of the desired variety is placed under the bark of a seedling tree. In a few weeks, the bud shield and the seedling heal together, then the bud of the desired variety grows to produce the new tree, which is genetically like the parent tree from which the bud was taken and which produces fruit true to the variety.
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