The emperor penguin is the largest of all living penguins, standing 1.1 m (3.7 ft.) tall and can weigh more than 41 kg (90 lbs.).
The smallest of the penguins is the little penguin, standing just 41 to 45 cm (16 to 18 in.) and weighing about 1 kg (2.2 lbs.).
2)Body Shape
The penguin's body is adapted for swimming. Its body is fusiform (tapered at both ends) and streamlined. A penguin has a large head, short neck, and elongated body.
The tail is short, stiff, and wedge-shaped.
The legs and webbed feet are set far back on the body, which gives penguins their upright posture on land.
3)Colouration
All adult penguins are counter-shaded: dark on the dorsal (back) surface and white on the ventral (underside) surface. The dark dorsal side blends in with the dark ocean depths when viewed from above. The light ventral side blends in with the lighter surface of the sea when viewed from below. The result is that predators or prey do not see a contrast between the counter-shaded penguin and the environment.
4)Sexual dimorphism
Generally, penguins are not sexually dimorphic: males and females look alike. Crested penguins are exceptions: the males are more robust and have larger bills than females.
When seen in pairs during the breeding season, royal penguins are one of the easiest penguins species to visually identify males from females. Males have larger bills and white cheeks while females often have grey coloured cheeks.
5)Flippers
Wings are modified into paddle-like flippers. The bones are flattened and broadened, with the joint of the elbow and wrist almost fused. This forms a tapered, flat flipper for swimming.
Each flipper is covered with short, scale-like feathers. The long wing feathers typical of most birds would be too flexible for swimming through water.
Instead of having wings like other birds, penguins have tapered, flattened flippers for swimming.
Penguins propel themselves through the water by flapping their flippers.
6)Head
Different species of penguins can be identified by their head and facial markings.
Penguins have a variety of bill shapes. A penguin captures fish, squid, and crustaceans with its bill.
Generally, the bill tends to be long and thin in species that are primarily fish eaters, and shorter and stouter in those that mainly eat krill.
7)Eyes
The colour of irises varies among the species.
Many species have brown, reddish-brown, or golden-brown eyes.
Rockhopper and macaroni penguins have red eyes.
Fairy (little blue) penguins have bluish-grey eyes.
As their name implies, yellow-eyed penguins have yellow eyes.
Nearly all birds studied have circular pupils. Rare exceptions include the king and emperor penguins. The pupil of an emperor penguin becomes "diamond-shaped" when strongly constricted.
Like other birds, penguins have a nictitating membrane, sometimes called the third eyelid. This is a clear covering that protects the eye from injury.
8)Legs & Feet
Penguin legs are short and strong. Feet are webbed, with visible claws. The legs are set far back on the body to aid in streamlining and steering while swimming. This placement also causes penguins to stand vertically and walk upright.
Penguins walk with short steps or hops, sometimes using their bills or tails to assist themselves on steep climbs.
The maximum walking speed for Adélie penguins is 3.9 kph (2.4 mph.)
Emperor and king penguins walk slowly and do not hop.
Some species, like the rockhopper penguins, jump from rock to rock.
When travelling on ice, Antarctic penguins often "toboggan" on their bellies. They use their flippers and feet to slide their bodies forward along the ice.
9)Tail
A penguin's tail is short, and wedge-shaped, with 14 to 18 stiff tail feathers. Adélie, gentoo, and chinstrap penguins (collectively known as brush-tailed penguins) have longer tail feathers, A penguin's tail is short, and wedge-shaped, with 14 to 18 stiff tail feathers. Adélie, Gentoo, and chinstrap penguins (collectively known as brush-tailed penguins) have longer tail feathers, which they often use as a prop when on land. They are often used as a prop when on land.
10)Feathers
Shiny feathers uniformly overlap to cover a penguin's skin. Penguin feathers are highly specialized. They are short, broad, and closely spaced. This helps keep water away from the skin. Tufts down on the feather shafts increase the insulative properties of the feathers.
Penguins have more feathers than most other birds, with about 100 feathers per square inch.
Most penguin species go through one complete molt (shed their feathers) each year, usually after the breeding season. The exception is the Galápagos penguin, which usually goes through two molts per year.
Penguins are amazing birds! They are not quite like any bird you have seen before in your backyard or at the park. They have adapted to their cold environment in a way that makes them pretty special. Here are some fun facts:
Penguin family
– Penguins are flightless birds.
– While other birds have wings for flying, penguins have adapted flippers to help them swim in the water.
– Most penguins live in the Southern Hemisphere.
– The Galapagos Penguin is the only penguin species that ventures north of the equator in the wild.
– Large penguin populations can be found in countries such as New Zealand, Australia, Chile, Argentina and South Africa.
– No penguins live at the North Pole.
– Penguins eat a range of fish and other sealife that they catch underwater.
– Penguins can drink sea water.
– Penguins spend around half their time in water and the other half on land.
– The Emperor Penguin is the tallest of all penguin species, reaching as tall as 120 cm (47 in) in height.
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Answer:
1)Size
The emperor penguin is the largest of all living penguins, standing 1.1 m (3.7 ft.) tall and can weigh more than 41 kg (90 lbs.).
The smallest of the penguins is the little penguin, standing just 41 to 45 cm (16 to 18 in.) and weighing about 1 kg (2.2 lbs.).
2)Body Shape
The penguin's body is adapted for swimming. Its body is fusiform (tapered at both ends) and streamlined. A penguin has a large head, short neck, and elongated body.
The tail is short, stiff, and wedge-shaped.
The legs and webbed feet are set far back on the body, which gives penguins their upright posture on land.
3)Colouration
All adult penguins are counter-shaded: dark on the dorsal (back) surface and white on the ventral (underside) surface. The dark dorsal side blends in with the dark ocean depths when viewed from above. The light ventral side blends in with the lighter surface of the sea when viewed from below. The result is that predators or prey do not see a contrast between the counter-shaded penguin and the environment.
4)Sexual dimorphism
Generally, penguins are not sexually dimorphic: males and females look alike. Crested penguins are exceptions: the males are more robust and have larger bills than females.
When seen in pairs during the breeding season, royal penguins are one of the easiest penguins species to visually identify males from females. Males have larger bills and white cheeks while females often have grey coloured cheeks.
5)Flippers
Wings are modified into paddle-like flippers. The bones are flattened and broadened, with the joint of the elbow and wrist almost fused. This forms a tapered, flat flipper for swimming.
Each flipper is covered with short, scale-like feathers. The long wing feathers typical of most birds would be too flexible for swimming through water.
Instead of having wings like other birds, penguins have tapered, flattened flippers for swimming.
Penguins propel themselves through the water by flapping their flippers.
6)Head
Different species of penguins can be identified by their head and facial markings.
Penguins have a variety of bill shapes. A penguin captures fish, squid, and crustaceans with its bill.
Generally, the bill tends to be long and thin in species that are primarily fish eaters, and shorter and stouter in those that mainly eat krill.
7)Eyes
The colour of irises varies among the species.
Many species have brown, reddish-brown, or golden-brown eyes.
Rockhopper and macaroni penguins have red eyes.
Fairy (little blue) penguins have bluish-grey eyes.
As their name implies, yellow-eyed penguins have yellow eyes.
Nearly all birds studied have circular pupils. Rare exceptions include the king and emperor penguins. The pupil of an emperor penguin becomes "diamond-shaped" when strongly constricted.
Like other birds, penguins have a nictitating membrane, sometimes called the third eyelid. This is a clear covering that protects the eye from injury.
8)Legs & Feet
Penguin legs are short and strong. Feet are webbed, with visible claws. The legs are set far back on the body to aid in streamlining and steering while swimming. This placement also causes penguins to stand vertically and walk upright.
Penguins walk with short steps or hops, sometimes using their bills or tails to assist themselves on steep climbs.
The maximum walking speed for Adélie penguins is 3.9 kph (2.4 mph.)
Emperor and king penguins walk slowly and do not hop.
Some species, like the rockhopper penguins, jump from rock to rock.
When travelling on ice, Antarctic penguins often "toboggan" on their bellies. They use their flippers and feet to slide their bodies forward along the ice.
9)Tail
A penguin's tail is short, and wedge-shaped, with 14 to 18 stiff tail feathers. Adélie, gentoo, and chinstrap penguins (collectively known as brush-tailed penguins) have longer tail feathers, A penguin's tail is short, and wedge-shaped, with 14 to 18 stiff tail feathers. Adélie, Gentoo, and chinstrap penguins (collectively known as brush-tailed penguins) have longer tail feathers, which they often use as a prop when on land. They are often used as a prop when on land.
10)Feathers
Shiny feathers uniformly overlap to cover a penguin's skin. Penguin feathers are highly specialized. They are short, broad, and closely spaced. This helps keep water away from the skin. Tufts down on the feather shafts increase the insulative properties of the feathers.
Penguins have more feathers than most other birds, with about 100 feathers per square inch.
Most penguin species go through one complete molt (shed their feathers) each year, usually after the breeding season. The exception is the Galápagos penguin, which usually goes through two molts per year.
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Answer:
Penguins are amazing birds! They are not quite like any bird you have seen before in your backyard or at the park. They have adapted to their cold environment in a way that makes them pretty special. Here are some fun facts:
Penguin family
– Penguins are flightless birds.
– While other birds have wings for flying, penguins have adapted flippers to help them swim in the water.
– Most penguins live in the Southern Hemisphere.
– The Galapagos Penguin is the only penguin species that ventures north of the equator in the wild.
– Large penguin populations can be found in countries such as New Zealand, Australia, Chile, Argentina and South Africa.
– No penguins live at the North Pole.
– Penguins eat a range of fish and other sealife that they catch underwater.
– Penguins can drink sea water.
– Penguins spend around half their time in water and the other half on land.
– The Emperor Penguin is the tallest of all penguin species, reaching as tall as 120 cm (47 in) in height.
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