Answer:

1.Precession, Diurnal Motion and Annual Motion.

2.•The first recorded reference to the spherical concept of the Earth dates from about the 5th century BC, when ancient Greek philosophers discussed it. In the 3rd century BC, the Hellenistic astronomy defined the approximately spherical form of the Earth as a physical reality and measured the diameter of the Earth. This knowledge was eventually introduced in the Old World in the late Antiquity and Middle Ages. Ferdinand Magellan and Juan Sebastián Elcano's circumnavigation (1519–1522) obtained a practical demonstration of the sphericity of the Earth.

• While it was the Greek philosopher and mathematician Pythagoras who was credited as the first person to suggest the spherical Earth as early as 500 B.C., it was Aristotle who gave scientific evidence as to why this was so.

•In 350 B.C., when he wrote his book "On the Heavens," he suggested the following proof to show that the earth was spherical. Any of them are as follows:

•The shadow of the Earth will be seen on the moon during the lunar eclipse. And because the shadow is still round, no matter when the Earth rotates, this proves that the Earth is round.

•Stars are in different positions depending on where you're on Earth. Aristotle said that this proves that the Earth is not only spherical in form, but also a sphere, otherwise a small deviation from where you are would not be so quickly apparent.

3.Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion

They describe how (1) planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun as a focus, (2) a planet covers the same area of space in the same amount of time no matter where it is in its orbit, and (3) a planet's orbital period is proportional to the size of its orbit (its semi-major axis).

Explanation:

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