Surveys which began to be carried out by the British towards the end of the 19th century and which detailed records of the number of people in all provinces of India, their religions, gave castes and occupations©♠
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These surveys were known as the British Indian Census. They were conducted every 10 years starting in 1871 and provided detailed information on the population of India, including their religions, castes, and occupations. This data was used by the British government for administrative and policy-making purposes.