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Silvery Nails, Rusted Nails

1. Describe the materials.

Silvery Nails

A nail is a small metal (or wood, termed a tree nail or "trunnel") object used as a fastener, a peg to hang something, or sometimes as a decorative in woodworking and building. Nails usually have a sharp point on one end and a flattened head on the other, however there are also headless nails. Nails come in a wide range of shapes and sizes, depending on the application. A wire nail is the most prevalent. Pins, tacks, brads, spikes, and cleats are examples of other types of nails.

A hammer or pneumatic nail gun is used to drive nails into the workpiece. Friction in the axial direction and shear strength laterally keep materials together with a nail. To prevent the nail from pulling out, the point is sometimes curved over or gripped after driving.

Rusted Nails

A rusty metal object such nail  is covered with rust, which is a brown substance that forms on iron or steel when it comes into contact with water.

2. How do nails change to rust?

Corrosion is caused by the presence of water and oxygen. Carbonic acid, a weak acid, can be formed when water reacts with carbon dioxide in the air.

When this acidic solution comes into contact with iron, two reactions take place. First, by removing electrons, acidified water (a suitable electrolyte - more on this later) dissolves part of the iron. The water will then start to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen. Rust is formed when free oxygen combines with dissolved iron to generate iron oxide.

3. How does rust form on untreated iron nails?

Rust will ultimately form because both water and oxygen are easily available, even in steel, which is primarily composed of iron. If the rusting is not halted, it will spread beyond small places and eventually cover the entire surface.

The original shape of the nail will be replaced by a scaly characteristic, followed by small pits. Because iron oxide is a larger molecule than original iron, it occupies more space, distorting the shape of the nail as it rusts. Rusted hinges stick and squeal as a result of the twisted shape.

Rust will eventually reach the core, and the metal will be easily broken in one's hands. Although dissolved salt in water is not one of the causes of rust, it does hasten the process.

To know more about rust, click here

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