A standard solution is a solution of accurately known concentration that is used as a reference in analytical chemistry. It is prepared carefully to have a precisely known concentration of a substance, often expressed in terms of molarity. Standard solutions are used in various laboratory techniques, including titrations and calibration of instruments, to determine the concentration of an unknown substance in a sample.
Key characteristics of a standard solution include:
1. **Known Concentration:** The concentration of the solute in a standard solution is accurately determined through careful preparation and measurement. This concentration is usually expressed in moles per liter (mol/L or M).
2. **Stability:** Standard solutions should be stable over time, meaning that the concentration does not change significantly during storage. This stability is crucial for obtaining reliable and reproducible results in analytical procedures.
3. **Traceability:** The preparation of standard solutions is often traceable to international standards or certified reference materials, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the concentration values.
4. **Used for Calibration:** Standard solutions are commonly employed to calibrate analytical instruments and to determine the unknown concentrations of substances in samples through titrations or other quantitative analyses.
In practice, standard solutions are often used in titrations by reacting them with a solution of the analyte (the substance being analyzed) to determine the analyte's concentration. The accurate and precise measurement of the volume of the standard solution added to reach the equivalence point allows for the calculation of the unknown concentration of the analyte.
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The solution of known strength is called the standard solution.
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A standard solution is a solution of accurately known concentration that is used as a reference in analytical chemistry. It is prepared carefully to have a precisely known concentration of a substance, often expressed in terms of molarity. Standard solutions are used in various laboratory techniques, including titrations and calibration of instruments, to determine the concentration of an unknown substance in a sample.
Key characteristics of a standard solution include:
1. **Known Concentration:** The concentration of the solute in a standard solution is accurately determined through careful preparation and measurement. This concentration is usually expressed in moles per liter (mol/L or M).
2. **Stability:** Standard solutions should be stable over time, meaning that the concentration does not change significantly during storage. This stability is crucial for obtaining reliable and reproducible results in analytical procedures.
3. **Traceability:** The preparation of standard solutions is often traceable to international standards or certified reference materials, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the concentration values.
4. **Used for Calibration:** Standard solutions are commonly employed to calibrate analytical instruments and to determine the unknown concentrations of substances in samples through titrations or other quantitative analyses.
In practice, standard solutions are often used in titrations by reacting them with a solution of the analyte (the substance being analyzed) to determine the analyte's concentration. The accurate and precise measurement of the volume of the standard solution added to reach the equivalence point allows for the calculation of the unknown concentration of the analyte.