Answer:

1. the null hypothesis of a test always predicts no effect or no relationship between variables, while the alternative hypothesis states your research prediction of an effect or relationship.
2. causal hypothesis is a supposition or theory about how things interact, specifically, on whether one thing causes another. any difference in the type or amount of one particular variable is going to directly affect the difference in the type or amount of the next variable in the equation
3. State the problem that you are trying to solve. Make sure that the hypothesis clearly defines the topic and the focus of the experiment.
4. Try to write the hypothesis as an if-then statement. ...
5. Define the variables.