Answer:

In 1911, Ernest Rutherford, a former student of J.J. Thomson, proved Thomson's plum pudding structure incorrect. Rutherford with the assistance of Ernest Marsden and Hans Geiger performed a series of experiments using alpha particles. Rutherford aimed alpha particles at solid substances such as gold foil and recorded the location of the alpha particle "strikes" on a fluorescent screen as they passed through the foil. To the experimenters’ amazement, although most of the alpha particles passed unaffected through the gold foil as expected, a small number of particles were deflected at an angle, and a few ricocheted straight back. Rutherford concluded that the atom consisted of a small, dense, positively charged nucleus in the center of the atom with negatively charged electrons surrounding it. The discovery of the nucleus is considered to be Rutherford's greatest scientific work.

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