Water is a colourless and tasteless liquid. The molecules of water have extensive hydrogen bonds resulting in unusual properties in the condensed form. This also leads to high melting and boiling points
The chemical formula of water is H2O. It consists of two elements, namely hydrogen and oxygen. Two molecules of hydrogen combine with one molecule of oxygen to form water. It exists in three forms, i.e. solid, liquid, and gas (or vapour). It has the important property of dissolving many other substances, which makes it a universal solvent.
Does water have colour?
When observed in small quantities, it appears to be colourless, but it emits a bluish colour due to the absorption of sunlight. The water that we see in water bodies has a distinct hue owing to the aquatic vegetation and organic matter.
Structure of Water
It has a bent molecular structure. It is a simple molecule in which one oxygen atom is bonded to two different hydrogen atoms. Because of the high electronegativity (i.e. the tendency of an atom to attract the bonding electrons towards itself) of the oxygen atom, the bonds present are polar. The shared pair of electrons is attracted to a greater extent towards oxygen atoms than hydrogen atoms, resulting in the formation of dipoles (pair of opposite charges). Partial negative charges are acquired by oxygen, and hydrogen atoms acquire a partial positive charge. The H-O-H bond angle is 104.5 °. The bond angle is slightly smaller than an ideal sp3 hybridized atomic orbital. It has a tetrahedral geometry.
Physical Properties of Water:-
Water molecules show hydrogen bonding between them.
The melting point of water is 0C whereas the boiling point is 100C.
Water can exist in three phases or states, i.e. solids, liquids, and gases.
Water in the solid-state has a crystalline structure, in the form of a 3-D lattice ( cage-like structure). There are many voids (empty spaces) present in the structure of ice. Due to these voids, ice is less dense than water, and so, ice cubes float on water.
Water because of its polar nature can dissolve almost all substances and hence, is called a universal solvent.
Answers & Comments
Answer:
Physical properties of water
Water is a colourless and tasteless liquid. The molecules of water have extensive hydrogen bonds resulting in unusual properties in the condensed form. This also leads to high melting and boiling points
Answer:
Formula of Water
The chemical formula of water is H2O. It consists of two elements, namely hydrogen and oxygen. Two molecules of hydrogen combine with one molecule of oxygen to form water. It exists in three forms, i.e. solid, liquid, and gas (or vapour). It has the important property of dissolving many other substances, which makes it a universal solvent.
Does water have colour?
When observed in small quantities, it appears to be colourless, but it emits a bluish colour due to the absorption of sunlight. The water that we see in water bodies has a distinct hue owing to the aquatic vegetation and organic matter.
Structure of Water
It has a bent molecular structure. It is a simple molecule in which one oxygen atom is bonded to two different hydrogen atoms. Because of the high electronegativity (i.e. the tendency of an atom to attract the bonding electrons towards itself) of the oxygen atom, the bonds present are polar. The shared pair of electrons is attracted to a greater extent towards oxygen atoms than hydrogen atoms, resulting in the formation of dipoles (pair of opposite charges). Partial negative charges are acquired by oxygen, and hydrogen atoms acquire a partial positive charge. The H-O-H bond angle is 104.5 °. The bond angle is slightly smaller than an ideal sp3 hybridized atomic orbital. It has a tetrahedral geometry.
Physical Properties of Water:-