Verified answer

Answer:

Percentage by Mass

- Also known as percentage by weight

- Can be a solid solute

- Can be expressed in grams of solute per 100 grams of solution

- The mass of a solute divided by the mass of a solution times 100

Percentage by Volume

- Can be a liquid solution

- Can be expressed as volume of solute in milliliters (mL) per 100 mL solution

- The volume of the solute divided by the volume of the solution and multiplied by 100%.

Explanation:

A solution is a homogeneous mixture that is made of solute dissolved in a solvent. The concentration of the solution describes the amount of solute in a given solution. Solutions can either be unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated solutions. An unsaturated solution contains solute that is less than what the solvent can dissolve. A saturated solution contains the maximum solute that the solvent can dissolve. The supersaturated solution contains solute that is more than what the solvent can dissolve. However, the more specific way to describe the concentration of a solution is expressing concentration through percent by mass or percent by volume. The mass percent is used to express the concentration of a solution when the mass of a solute and the mass of a solution are given. Specifically, this can be obtained by the formula:

   Mass Percent = ×1 00%

On the other hand, the volume percent is used to express the concentration of a solution when the volume of a solute and the volume of a solution is given. This can be computed using the formula:

   Volume Percent = × 100%

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