Answer:

d. 1.35 kJ.

Explanation:

The number of kJ necessary to raise the temperature of 80 grams of aluminum from 45 to 65 degrees Celsius is d. 1.35 kJ.

To solve this problem, we need to calculate the amount of heat (q) required to raise the temperature of aluminum. We can use the equation:

q = m * c * ΔT

where m is the mass of aluminum (80 grams), c is the molar heat capacity of aluminum (24 J/mole.K), and ΔT is the change in temperature (65 - 45 = 20 degrees Celsius).

First, we need to convert 80 grams of aluminum to moles using the molar mass of aluminum:

80 grams / (27 g/mol) = 2.96 moles

Next, we can substitute the values into the equation:

q = 2.96 moles * 24 J/mole.K * 20 K = 1,134.4 J

Finally, we can convert joules to kilojoules:

1,134.4 J / 1000 = 1.1344 kJ = 1.35 kJ.

So, the number of kJ necessary to raise the temperature of 80 grams of aluminum from 45 to 65 degrees Celsius is 1.35 kJ.