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In the Third Anglo-Mysore War (1790 – 1792), Tipu, now an ally of France, invaded in 1789 the nearby Kingdom of Travancore, a British ally. British forces were commanded by Charles Cornwallis. The resultant war lasted three years and was a resounding defeat for Mysore.
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Explanation:
**Causes of the Third Anglo-Mysore War (1790–1792):**
1. **Territorial Disputes:**
- Ongoing conflicts and disputes over territories and boundaries between the British East India Company and the Kingdom of Mysore, ruled by Tipu Sultan.
2. **Alliances and Diplomacy:**
- Tipu Sultan's efforts to form alliances with the Marathas and the French to counter British influence in the region.
3. **Trade and Economic Rivalry:**
- Economic competition and rivalry over trade interests in the Indian subcontinent, particularly control over key ports and resources.
4. **Previous Conflicts:**
- The aftermath of the Second Anglo-Mysore War (1780–1784) and the Treaty of Mangalore did not bring lasting peace. Tensions persisted.
**Results of the Third Anglo-Mysore War:**
1. **Treaty of Seringapatam (1792):**
- The war concluded with the Treaty of Seringapatam, which resulted in significant territorial changes.
- Tipu Sultan ceded half of his kingdom to the British East India Company.
2. **Territorial Changes:**
- The British gained control over important territories, including Malabar, Coimbatore, and parts of Canara.
- Tipu Sultan had to pay a large indemnity to the British.
3. **Alliance and Alliance Shifts:**
- Tipu Sultan lost the support of the Marathas and the French, weakening his position against the British.
4. **Political Impact:**
- The British strengthened their political influence in South India and further solidified their control over trade routes and resources.
5. **Loss of Military Power:**
- Tipu Sultan's military capabilities were significantly reduced, and his kingdom became more vulnerable to future British intervention.
6. **Continued Tensions:**
- Although the war temporarily resolved some issues, tensions persisted, setting the stage for further conflicts in the region.
The Third Anglo-Mysore War had a lasting impact on the geopolitical landscape of southern India and contributed to the expansion of British influence in the subcontinent.**Causes of the Third Anglo-Mysore War (1790–1792):**
1. **Territorial Disputes:**
- Ongoing conflicts and disputes over territories and boundaries between the British East India Company and the Kingdom of Mysore, ruled by Tipu Sultan.
2. **Alliances and Diplomacy:**
- Tipu Sultan's efforts to form alliances with the Marathas and the French to counter British influence in the region.
3. **Trade and Economic Rivalry:**
- Economic competition and rivalry over trade interests in the Indian subcontinent, particularly control over key ports and resources.
4. **Previous Conflicts:**
- The aftermath of the Second Anglo-Mysore War (1780–1784) and the Treaty of Mangalore did not bring lasting peace. Tensions persisted.
**Results of the Third Anglo-Mysore War:**
1. **Treaty of Seringapatam (1792):**
- The war concluded with the Treaty of Seringapatam, which resulted in significant territorial changes.
- Tipu Sultan ceded half of his kingdom to the British East India Company.
2. **Territorial Changes:**
- The British gained control over important territories, including Malabar, Coimbatore, and parts of Canara.
- Tipu Sultan had to pay a large indemnity to the British.
3. **Alliance and Alliance Shifts:**
- Tipu Sultan lost the support of the Marathas and the French, weakening his position against the British.
4. **Political Impact:**
- The British strengthened their political influence in South India and further solidified their control over trade routes and resources.
5. **Loss of Military Power:**
- Tipu Sultan's military capabilities were significantly reduced, and his kingdom became more vulnerable to future British intervention.
6. **Continued Tensions:**
- Although the war temporarily resolved some issues, tensions persisted, setting the stage for further conflicts in the region.
The Third Anglo-Mysore War had a lasting impact on the geopolitical landscape of southern India and contributed to the expansion of British influence in the subcontinent.
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