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Based on the particle model of matter, particles are always in motion. Note that the particles in this case are the molecules of water. Water molecules have kinetic energies that differ from each other. Some particles are moving faster than others and therefore have higher kinetic energy and some are moving slower and therefore have lower kinetic energy. In the activity you have conducted, when the casserole with water was heated, water molecules absorb energy and its kinetic energy (KE) increases. Some molecules of water have enough KE to beat the attraction of neighboring molecules and shake the surface of the liquid and eventually enter theair even at room temperature. The molecules must have at least some minimum kinetic energy to break away from the surface of the liquid. This process by which the molecules on the surface of a liquld break away and change into gas is called evaporation. It is described as the process where a liquid is changed into gas. The water molecules which did not escape and were left in the liquid have lower
average kinetic energy than the molecules that escaped as evaporation takes place.
Hence, evaporation is a cooling process.
This can be observed when you apply acetone on your nails or rubbing alcohol on your arms. Acetone and rubbing alcohol are examples of volatile liquids. The molecules get heat energy from your body leaving you with a cool sensation as they easily evaporate.
It is important to remember that in a closed container, the evaporation of a liquid is different from the evaporation from an open container. No particles can escape into the air outside the cover in a closed container.
You have observed in your activity that droplets of water formed under the cover/lid of the casserole. So, evaporation still happens in a covered container. Some of the water molecules on the surface of the liquid escape and change into the gaseous state. This explains why the level of water was reduced after boiling for some time. These water molecules may then collide with the inner surface of the cover and as more molecules do so, some may stay on the cover, accumulate and form droplets. This process where a gas is changed into a liquid is called condensation which is the reverse of evaporation. An example of how condensation and evaporation happen is shown in the illustration below.
Based on the particle model of matter, particles are always in motion. Note that the particles in this case are the molecules of water. Water molecules have kinetic energies that differ from each other. Some particles are moving faster than others and therefore have higher kinetic energy and some are moving slower and therefore have lower kinetic energy. In the activity you have conducted, when the casserole with water was heated, water molecules absorb energy and its kinetic energy (KE) increases. Some molecules of water have enough KE to beat the attraction of neighboring molecules and shake the surface of the liquid and eventually enter theair even at room temperature. The molecules must have at least some minimum kinetic energy to break away from the surface of the liquid. This process by which the molecules on the surface of a liquld break away and change into gas is called evaporation. It is described as the process where a liquid is changed into gas. The water molecules which did not escape and were left in the liquid have lower
average kinetic energy than the molecules that escaped as evaporation takes place.
Hence, evaporation is a cooling process.
This can be observed when you apply acetone on your nails or rubbing alcohol on your arms. Acetone and rubbing alcohol are examples of volatile liquids. The molecules get heat energy from your body leaving you with a cool sensation as they easily evaporate.
It is important to remember that in a closed container, the evaporation of a liquid is different from the evaporation from an open container. No particles can escape into the air outside the cover in a closed container.
You have observed in your activity that droplets of water formed under the cover/lid of the casserole. So, evaporation still happens in a covered container. Some of the water molecules on the surface of the liquid escape and change into the gaseous state. This explains why the level of water was reduced after boiling for some time. These water molecules may then collide with the inner surface of the cover and as more molecules do so, some may stay on the cover, accumulate and form droplets. This process where a gas is changed into a liquid is called condensation which is the reverse of evaporation. An example of how condensation and evaporation happen is shown in the illustration below.
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Activity 1 A. To further understand the lesson, read the topics indicated in the table below which are found in your Mathematics 10 Learner's Module. These topics will guide you in proving some geometric properties.
Topics Page/s Distance between Two Points If P and Q are two points, then the distance from P to Q is the same as the distance from Q to P. That is, PQ - QP. 234 Distance Formula 235 d = √(1-2²+ (1-2² -(4-1, 4+ ) Mp Midpoint Formula 238 2 2 Coordinate Proof A proof that uses figures on a coordinate plane to prove geometric properties. 239 - 240
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