K ME ... PDF SCIENCE-Q4-WEEK-2.pdf ME ME III. Practice Time A. 1. Name the natural calamities shown in each picture. 2. Recall how each calamity affects the environment. 3. Write 2 effects and 2 safety measures you should observe to minimize effects of each calamity. Effects Safety measure to be observed to lessen its effects Effects Safety measure to be observed to lessen its effects SUIT B. Explain briefly. 1. What causes an earthquake? 2. What causes volcanic eruption? 3. How can you be prepared for a possible earthquake?
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ANSWER:
A.
VOLCANIC ERUPTION
EFFECTS:
Volcanoes spew hot, dangerous gases, ash, lava, and rock that are powerfully destructive. People have died from volcanic blasts. Volcanic eruptions can result in additional threats to health, such as floods, mudslides, power outages, drinking water contamination, and wildfires.
SAFETY MEASURE TO BE OBSERVED TO LESSEN IT'S EFFECTS:
Stay indoors and away from volcanic ashfall areas as much as possible. When it is safe to go outside, keep your gutters and roof clear of ash as heavy ash deposits can collapse your roof. If there is a lot of ash in the water supply, do not use your dishwasher or washing machine.
EARTHQUAKE
EFFECTS:
The primary effects of earthquakes are ground shaking, ground rupture, landslides, tsunamis, and liquefaction. Fires are probably the single most important secondary effect of earthquakes.
SAFETY MEASURE TO BE OBSERVED TO LESSEN IT'S EFFECTS:
Get under a desk or table and hang on to it (Drop, Cover, and Hold on!) or move into a hallway or against an inside wall. STAY CLEAR of windows, fireplaces, and heavy furniture or appliances. GET OUT of the kitchen, which is a dangerous place (things can fall on you).
B.
1. Earthquakes are the result of sudden movement along faults within the Earth. The movement releases stored-up 'elastic strain' energy in the form of seismic waves, which propagate through the Earth and cause the ground surface to shake.
2. The melted rock, or magma, is lighter than the surrounding rock and rises up. This magma collects in magma chambers, but it is still miles below the surface. When enough magma builds up in the magma chamber, it forces its way up to the surface and erupts, often causing volcanic eruptions.
3. Prepare Before an Earthquake
Prepare Before an EarthquakeMake an Emergency Plan: Create a family emergency communications plan that has an out-of-state contact. Plan where to meet if you get separated. Make a supply kit that includes enough food and water for several days, a flashlight, a fire extinguisher and a whistle.
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