Answer:

A. José Rizal and Andrés Bonifacio

Andrés Bonifacio was born in Manila in 1863,

the son of a government official. When both

his parents died in the 1870's, he left school

to support his five brothers and sisters. By the

mid-1880s, he had become a fervent Filipino

nationalist, when José Rizal established the Liga

Filipina in 1892, Bornifacio was one of its first

members.

After the Spanish arrested Rizal in July 1892,

Bonifacio decided that the Philippines would only

achieve independence through revolution. On

July 7, he founded the Katipunan, a secret society

open to both peasants and the middle class that

employed Masonic rituals to impart an air of

sacred mystery.

It insinuated itself into the community by setting

up mutual aid societies and education for the

poor. By 1896, the Katipunan had over 30,000

members and functioned at the national,

provincial, and municipal levels.

Following the execution of Rizal in 1896,

Bonifacio proclaimed Filipino independence on

August 23, 1896. This time, the Spaniards moved

against him, forcing his flight to the Marikina

mountains, while other forces headed by Emilio

Aguinaldo were more successiful and won control

over some towns.

When Bonifacio tried to rein him in, Aguinaldo

ordered him arrested and charged with treason

and sedition. He was tried and convicted by his

enemies and executed on May 10, 1897. Today he

is regarded as a national hero.

Explanation:

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