The nature of the chemicals used in laboratories is either basic, acidic or neutral. This characteristic depends on the ions they release. A chemical is said to be acidic if it releases H+ ions in its aqueous solutions. A chemical is said to be basic if it releases OH– ions in its aqueous solutions. In this experiment, we will learn how to find the pH of acids and bases.
Table of Contents
Aim
Materials required
Theory
Procedure
Observation
Result and Conclusion
Precautions to be taken during the experiment
Viva Voce
Aim:
To determine the pH of the given samples using pH paper or universal indicator. The samples whose pH has to be determined are-
Dilute CH3COOH
Dilute NaOH
Salt NaCl
Dilute NaHCO3
Water
Lemon juice
Materials required:
Six test tubes
Test tube stand
Dilute acid CH3COOH
Dilute base NaOH
Salt NaCl (preparation: dissolve 1 gram salt in 10 mL distilled water)
Water
Lemon juice
Dilute NaHCO3
Glass rod
Measuring cylinder (10 mL)
Standard pH colour chart
pH paper
Glass rod
Dropper
Universal indicator
Theory:
What is pH?
pH is a measure of hydrogen ion concentration to determine the alkalinity or acidity of a solution.
If the pH value of a solution is less than 7 it is an acidic solution
If the pH value of a solution is greater than 7 it is a basic solution
If the pH value of a solution is equal to 7 it is a neutral solution
What is pH scale?
The pH scale consists of values which range from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very alkaline). The numbers on the scale help to determine the hydrogen ion concentration.
What is pH paper?
pH paper can help us to know if a solution is basic, acidic or neutral. When the pH paper is dipped into a solution whose pH has to be determined, a colour will be developed. This colour is compared with the standard pH colour chart. Instead of pH paper, we can also use universal indicator paper or universal indicator solution.
What is universal indicator?
A universal indicator is a mix of pH indicator solutions that are designed to determine the pH of solutions over a wide range of values. Put a drop of solution on the universal pH indicator paper. The colour developed on the paper is matched with the standard pH colour chart.
pH value chart:

Also Read: pH of Samples Viva Questions
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Importance of pH in Daily Life

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Experimental Setup:


Procedure:
Wash six test tubes with distilled water and put them on test tube stand and label them A, B, C, D, E, F.
Add 2ml of CH3COOH in test tube A, Add 2ml of NaOH in test tube B, Add 2ml of NaCl in test tube C, Add 2ml of NaHCO3 in test tube D, Add 2ml of Water in test tube E, Add 2ml of Lemon juice in test tube F.
Take white tile, place 6 pH paper and label them A, B, C, D, E, F.
Use a dropper or glass rod to put the respective sample solutions on the labelled pH paper placed on the white tile.
Observe the colour change.
Observation:
SampleColour on pH paperAOrangeBDark blueCGreenDLight blueEGreenFPink
Use freshly prepared test sample for the experiment.
The fruit juice sample should also be fresh to get the proper pH values.
Glass rod or dropper used for one sample should be washed thoroughly before using it for the other samples.
Viva Voce:
Who was the first scientist to introduce pH?
Ans: Soren Peder Lauritz Sorensen a Danish chemist.
Define the pH of a solution.
Ans: It is a measure of the basic or acidic power of a solution. It is a scale to measure the hydrogen ion concentration in the solution. Lower the hydrogen ion concentration higher is the pH.
What is the pH of pure water at 25 °C?
Ans: 7.
There are two solutions with different pH values. Solution A has a pH value 6 and solution B has a pH value 5. Which solution is more acidic?
Ans: Solution B whose pH value is 5 is more acidic.
If the pH value of a solution is 9 then what is its colour?
For testing whether the soil is acidic or alkaline in nature, red and blue litmus paper are used. If the sample soil is basic or alkaline the red litmus paper turns blue and if it is acidic, blue litmus paper turns red.
You can make paper test strips to determine the pH of an aqueous solution by treating filter paper with any of the common pH indicators. One of the first indicators used for this purpose was litmus.
OR
Litmus paper is paper that has been treated with a specific indicator—a mixture of 10 to 15 natural dyes obtained from lichens (mainly Roccella tinctoria) that turns red in response to acidic conditions (pH 7). When the pH is neutral (pH = 7), then the dye is purple.
Answers & Comments
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Ph Of Samples

pH of Samples
The nature of the chemicals used in laboratories is either basic, acidic or neutral. This characteristic depends on the ions they release. A chemical is said to be acidic if it releases H+ ions in its aqueous solutions. A chemical is said to be basic if it releases OH– ions in its aqueous solutions. In this experiment, we will learn how to find the pH of acids and bases.
Table of Contents
Aim
Materials required
Theory
Procedure
Observation
Result and Conclusion
Precautions to be taken during the experiment
Viva Voce
Aim:
To determine the pH of the given samples using pH paper or universal indicator. The samples whose pH has to be determined are-
Dilute CH3COOH
Dilute NaOH
Salt NaCl
Dilute NaHCO3
Water
Lemon juice
Materials required:
Six test tubes
Test tube stand
Dilute acid CH3COOH
Dilute base NaOH
Salt NaCl (preparation: dissolve 1 gram salt in 10 mL distilled water)
Water
Lemon juice
Dilute NaHCO3
Glass rod
Measuring cylinder (10 mL)
Standard pH colour chart
pH paper
Glass rod
Dropper
Universal indicator
Theory:
What is pH?
pH is a measure of hydrogen ion concentration to determine the alkalinity or acidity of a solution.
If the pH value of a solution is less than 7 it is an acidic solution
If the pH value of a solution is greater than 7 it is a basic solution
If the pH value of a solution is equal to 7 it is a neutral solution
What is pH scale?
The pH scale consists of values which range from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very alkaline). The numbers on the scale help to determine the hydrogen ion concentration.
What is pH paper?
pH paper can help us to know if a solution is basic, acidic or neutral. When the pH paper is dipped into a solution whose pH has to be determined, a colour will be developed. This colour is compared with the standard pH colour chart. Instead of pH paper, we can also use universal indicator paper or universal indicator solution.
What is universal indicator?
A universal indicator is a mix of pH indicator solutions that are designed to determine the pH of solutions over a wide range of values. Put a drop of solution on the universal pH indicator paper. The colour developed on the paper is matched with the standard pH colour chart.
pH value chart:

Also Read: pH of Samples Viva Questions
Recommended Videos
Importance of pH in Daily Life

5,569
Experimental Setup:


Procedure:
Wash six test tubes with distilled water and put them on test tube stand and label them A, B, C, D, E, F.
Add 2ml of CH3COOH in test tube A, Add 2ml of NaOH in test tube B, Add 2ml of NaCl in test tube C, Add 2ml of NaHCO3 in test tube D, Add 2ml of Water in test tube E, Add 2ml of Lemon juice in test tube F.
Take white tile, place 6 pH paper and label them A, B, C, D, E, F.
Use a dropper or glass rod to put the respective sample solutions on the labelled pH paper placed on the white tile.
Observe the colour change.
Observation:
SampleColour on pH paperAOrangeBDark blueCGreenDLight blueEGreenFPink
Result and Conclusion:
Test tubeSolutionpH colour paperpHNatureSample ACH3COOHOrange3Weak acidSample BNaOHDark blue14Strong baseSample CNaClGreen7NeutralSample DNaHCO3Light blue9Weak baseSample EWaterGreen7NeutralSample FLemon juicePink2Weak acid
Precautions to be taken during the experiment:
Use freshly prepared test sample for the experiment.
The fruit juice sample should also be fresh to get the proper pH values.
Glass rod or dropper used for one sample should be washed thoroughly before using it for the other samples.
Viva Voce:
Who was the first scientist to introduce pH?
Ans: Soren Peder Lauritz Sorensen a Danish chemist.
Define the pH of a solution.
Ans: It is a measure of the basic or acidic power of a solution. It is a scale to measure the hydrogen ion concentration in the solution. Lower the hydrogen ion concentration higher is the pH.
What is the pH of pure water at 25 °C?
Ans: 7.
There are two solutions with different pH values. Solution A has a pH value 6 and solution B has a pH value 5. Which solution is more acidic?
Ans: Solution B whose pH value is 5 is more acidic.
If the pH value of a solution is 9 then what is its colour?
Ans: Light blue.
please mark me as a brainlist.
Answer:
For testing whether the soil is acidic or alkaline in nature, red and blue litmus paper are used. If the sample soil is basic or alkaline the red litmus paper turns blue and if it is acidic, blue litmus paper turns red.
You can make paper test strips to determine the pH of an aqueous solution by treating filter paper with any of the common pH indicators. One of the first indicators used for this purpose was litmus.
OR
Litmus paper is paper that has been treated with a specific indicator—a mixture of 10 to 15 natural dyes obtained from lichens (mainly Roccella tinctoria) that turns red in response to acidic conditions (pH 7). When the pH is neutral (pH = 7), then the dye is purple.
Explanation:
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