Answer:

Challenges in environmental issues and problems such as :

•Improper land uses, management and allocation

•Rapid population growth

•Rapid urban development

•Depleting water resources

•Pollutants and wastes

•Lack of Institutional arrangements for River Basin Organization

•Frequent flooding

And one of the examples is the stress due to combined effect of climate change and rapid urbanization of Pasig-Marikina River, Manila where considering the finite volume of fresh water resources, managing its quality and quantity sustainably is one of the greatest challenges because of complex global changes. Lack of urban planning, indiscriminate urban development, lack of investment in water, problems of water resource management, and the impact of climate change threaten water security and sustainability. As well as being referred to as one of the most dangerous areas to live on as having the Marikina Valley Fault System or VFS, is a dominantly dextral strike-slip[2] fault system in Luzon, Philippines that makes it challenging for preserving its ecosystem.

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