Answer:

1000 N

Explanation:

Let u be the initial speed of the vehicle just before the brakes were applied.

i.e.,

u=36 km/hr=[(36×1000)/(60×60)]  m/s

                  =10 m/s

The final velocity when the vehicle stops is

v = 0 m/s.

We could calculate the average acceleration using the relation

v = u +a t

0=10+a(5)

or

a = -10/5=-2m/s^2

This is the deceleration of the vehicle (-sign).

So the average retarding force is

Force=mass× acceleration= 500kg×2m/s^2=1000kg m/s^2

                                           =1000 N

note that here we are only giving the magnitude of the force. This force is against the motion of the vehicle.

Verified answer

To calculate the average retarding force on the vehicle, we can use Newton's second law of motion, which states that force is equal to mass multiplied by acceleration.

In this case, the force is the retarding force, the mass is the total mass of the vehicle and driver, and the acceleration can be determined from the change in velocity and the time taken.

Given:

• Initial velocity of the vehicle, u = 36 km/hr
• Final velocity of the vehicle, v = 0 km/hr (as the vehicle comes to rest)
• Time taken, t = 5 seconds
• Mass of the vehicle and driver, m = 500 kg

First, we need to convert the initial velocity and final velocity from km/hr to m/s.

We know that 1 km/hr = 1000/3600 m/s = 5/18 m/s.

So, the initial velocity in m/s is (36 × 5/18) m/s = 10 m/s, and the final velocity is 0 m/s.

The change in velocity Δv is the difference between the initial and final velocities, which is (0 - 10) m/s = -10 m/s (negative sign indicates deceleration).

Next, we can calculate the acceleration using the formula:

• Acceleration (a) = Δv / t

Substituting the values:

• Acceleration (a) = -10 m/s / 5 s = -2 m/s^2

Now, we can determine the retarding force (F) using Newton's second law:

• Force (F) = mass (m) × acceleration (a)

Substituting the values:

• Force (F) = 500 kg × (-2 m/s^2) = -1000 N

The negative sign indicates that the retarding force acts opposite to the motion of the vehicle. Therefore, the average retarding force on the vehicle is 1000 N.

~Hope It helps.. ✨