Answer:

Five events that happened prior to the first wave of colonialism in Portugal are:

1. The Reconquista: The centuries-long campaign by Christian states in the Iberian Peninsula to retake Muslim-occupied territories.

2. The Age of Discovery: A period of European exploration and expansion that began in the 15th century, fueled by a desire for trade, commerce, and access to resources.

3. The Treaty of Tordesillas: The 1494 agreement between Spain and Portugal, mediated by the Pope, that divided the New World into separate spheres of influence.

4. The Portuguese Empire: The expansion of Portuguese influence through trade, exploration, and conquest, including the establishment of trading posts in Africa and Asia.

5. The Conquest of Ceuta: The 1415 Portuguese military campaign that captured the North African city of Ceuta and marked the beginning of European expansion into Africa.

Five events that happened during the first wave of colonialism are:

1. The Transatlantic Slave Trade: The forced transportation of millions of Africans to the Americas as part of the triangular trade between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.

2. The Columbian Exchange: The transfer of goods, animals, and plants between the Old World and the New World, which had far-reaching ecological, economic, and cultural impacts.

3. The Spanish Conquest of the Aztecs and Incas: The 16th-century military campaigns by Spanish conquistadors that led to the subjugation and colonization of indigenous peoples in Central and South America.

4. The Dutch East India Company: The 17th-century Dutch company that established a colonial empire in the East Indies, including present-day Indonesia, and became the world's first multinational corporation.

5. The British Empire: The expansion of British influence through colonization, trade, and conquest, including the establishment of settlements in North America, India, and Africa.

Explanation:

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