Answer:

1, Ecosystems -- biological communities -- include living organisms like animals, plants, insects and bacteria, as well as nonliving components like rocks, soil, water and sunlight.

2, The Sun is the major source of energy for organisms and the ecosystems of which they are a part. Producers, such as plants and algae, use energy from sunlight to make food energy by combining carbon dioxide and water to form organic matter. This process begins the flow of energy through almost all food webs.

3. According to Lindeman's 10% law, only 10% of energy is transferred to next level. If energy available at first trophic level is 10,000 Joules, then at second trophic level energy available will be 10% of 10,000 which equals to 1000 Joules. 

Explanation:

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