♦The unique nature of carbon atoms can be attributed to two specific properties:
•(i) Tetra-valence:
Carbon is known for its tetra-valent nature, which means it can form four chemical bonds with other atoms. This property is a result of carbon having four valence electrons in its outermost energy level. This tetra-valence allows carbon to form a wide variety of compounds by bonding with other carbon atoms or different elements. It's a fundamental reason for the diversity and complexity of organic compounds. The ability to form multiple covalent bonds with other carbon atoms and various elements is essential for the formation of long carbon chains, branched structures, and complex organic molecules.
•(ii) Catenation:
Catenation is the unique property of carbon atoms to form strong covalent bonds with other carbon atoms, resulting in the formation of long carbon-carbon chains or rings. Carbon-carbon bonds are particularly stable and strong, and this property allows for the creation of diverse carbon structures. The carbon-carbon bonds in organic compounds can be both single (sigma) bonds, double bonds (containing one sigma and one pi bond), or triple bonds (containing one sigma and two pi bonds), and they can be arranged in a variety of ways to form compounds with different properties and functions. This property of catenation is what gives rise to the vast complexity and versatility of organic chemistry.
Tetra valence-The valence shell of carbon has four electrons and it needs to gain or loose 4 electrons to complete it's shell. This is why carbon shares 4 electrons and is called tetra valent as it's valency is 4.
Catenation-It is a property which allows carbon to form longs chains with itself.
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Explanation:
♦The unique nature of carbon atoms can be attributed to two specific properties:
•(i) Tetra-valence:
Carbon is known for its tetra-valent nature, which means it can form four chemical bonds with other atoms. This property is a result of carbon having four valence electrons in its outermost energy level. This tetra-valence allows carbon to form a wide variety of compounds by bonding with other carbon atoms or different elements. It's a fundamental reason for the diversity and complexity of organic compounds. The ability to form multiple covalent bonds with other carbon atoms and various elements is essential for the formation of long carbon chains, branched structures, and complex organic molecules.
•(ii) Catenation:
Catenation is the unique property of carbon atoms to form strong covalent bonds with other carbon atoms, resulting in the formation of long carbon-carbon chains or rings. Carbon-carbon bonds are particularly stable and strong, and this property allows for the creation of diverse carbon structures. The carbon-carbon bonds in organic compounds can be both single (sigma) bonds, double bonds (containing one sigma and one pi bond), or triple bonds (containing one sigma and two pi bonds), and they can be arranged in a variety of ways to form compounds with different properties and functions. This property of catenation is what gives rise to the vast complexity and versatility of organic chemistry.
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Answer:
Tetra valence- The valence shell of carbon has four electrons and it needs to gain or loose 4 electrons to complete it's shell. This is why carbon shares 4 electrons and is called tetra valent as it's valency is 4.
Catenation- It is a property which allows carbon to form longs chains with itself.