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GANDHI AND NON COOPERATION MOVEMENT

Introduction-: In the history of the Freedom Struggle movement in British India

Mahatma Gandhi played a vital role with the support of mass that made Him

an undisputed leader of the National movement. Before the second decade of

the 20th century struggle for independence was carried by several leaders by

their different ideologies and methods of Programme. In the Gandhian Era

which was estimated after the First World War had seen the uniformity of the

all section of the society, communities and profession. The philosophy of

Mahatma Gandhi that was vested in the ideas of Non-violence and Satyagraha

was introduced before the Non-Cooperation movement in the Champaran,

Kheda and Ahmedabad. He also successfully used his ideologies and methods

in South Africa against the racial discrimination towards the Indians by the

British authorities. Before discussing the programme and course of the

movement it is right to see the circumstance and the background of the Indian

Politics which were prevailed in the British India.

Background of the movement-: Second decade of the 20th century, Indian

politics showed a great aggression against the British colonial power especially

after the First World War for several reasons. At the time of war the heavy

burden was imposed on the Indian industries, the rise of the price which was

unbearable and the reduction of the wages of the workers. The most

important reason was the assurance which was kept in war time for the

development of the democracy and nationalist mode of government now was

not fulfilled. The MontaguChelmsford Reforms of 1919 had failed to satisfy the

Indian National congress and the discontented mood of the common people,

peasants and workers because of the War time sufferings (rise of the price of

the commodities even did not change the policy of wages rise). Both the

groups of the INC (Extremists and Moderate) had lost creditability as they

failed to achieve their stated goals. The Question of the Turkey before the

Indian Muslims as a Khilafat against the British Dominance was also a created

atmosphere for the National agitation among the Muslim communit