The valence bond theory was proposed by Heitler and London to explain the formation of covalent bond quantitatively using quantum mechanics. Later on, Linus Pauling improved this theory by introducing the concept of hybridization.
The main postulates of this theory are as follows:
* A covalent bond is formed by the overlapping of two half filled valence atomic orbitals of two different atoms.
* The electrons in the overlapping orbitals get paired and confined between the nuclei of two atoms.
* The electron density between two bonded atoms increases due to overlapping. This confers stability to the molecule.
* Greater the extent of overlapping, stronger is the bond formed.
* The direction of the covalent bond is along the region of overlapping of the atomic orbitals i.e., covalent bond is directional.
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Answer:
The valence bond theory was proposed by Heitler and London to explain the formation of covalent bond quantitatively using quantum mechanics. Later on, Linus Pauling improved this theory by introducing the concept of hybridization.
The main postulates of this theory are as follows:
* A covalent bond is formed by the overlapping of two half filled valence atomic orbitals of two different atoms.
* The electrons in the overlapping orbitals get paired and confined between the nuclei of two atoms.
* The electron density between two bonded atoms increases due to overlapping. This confers stability to the molecule.
* Greater the extent of overlapping, stronger is the bond formed.
* The direction of the covalent bond is along the region of overlapping of the atomic orbitals i.e., covalent bond is directional.
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