Environmental scanning:

1:Having informal conversations with other executives;

Reading secondary sources such as web articles, newspapers, magazines and journal literature;

2:

Reading secondary sources such as web articles, newspapers, magazines and journal literature;

3:Gathering data deliberately through market research studies;

Explanation:

do you mean give 5 thing's that explains them?

(bro next time make what you want clearer)

just comment if it's right and I'll add more