Covalency refers to the number of covalent bonds that an atom can form in a molecule. Nitrogen (N) has an atomic number of 7, which means it has 7 electrons. To achieve a stable electron configuration, nitrogen needs to gain three more electrons. However, it is more energetically favorable for nitrogen to share electrons through covalent bonds.
Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons in its outermost shell. In order to complete its octet (eight valence electrons), nitrogen can form three covalent bonds. By sharing three pairs of electrons with other atoms, nitrogen achieves a stable electron configuration. This is commonly observed in compounds such as ammonia (NH3) or nitrogen gas (N2), where nitrogen forms three covalent bonds with hydrogen or another nitrogen atom, respectively.
In some cases, nitrogen can also form four covalent bonds, such as in compounds like nitrate (NO3-) or nitrogen dioxide (NO2). In these compounds, nitrogen shares four pairs of electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. However, the most common covalency of nitrogen is four.
In summary, the covalency of nitrogen is restricted to four. Nitrogen typically forms three covalent bonds, but it can also form four covalent bonds in certain compounds.
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Answer:
(c) 4
Explanation:
Covalency refers to the number of covalent bonds that an atom can form in a molecule. Nitrogen (N) has an atomic number of 7, which means it has 7 electrons. To achieve a stable electron configuration, nitrogen needs to gain three more electrons. However, it is more energetically favorable for nitrogen to share electrons through covalent bonds.
Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons in its outermost shell. In order to complete its octet (eight valence electrons), nitrogen can form three covalent bonds. By sharing three pairs of electrons with other atoms, nitrogen achieves a stable electron configuration. This is commonly observed in compounds such as ammonia (NH3) or nitrogen gas (N2), where nitrogen forms three covalent bonds with hydrogen or another nitrogen atom, respectively.
In some cases, nitrogen can also form four covalent bonds, such as in compounds like nitrate (NO3-) or nitrogen dioxide (NO2). In these compounds, nitrogen shares four pairs of electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. However, the most common covalency of nitrogen is four.
In summary, the covalency of nitrogen is restricted to four. Nitrogen typically forms three covalent bonds, but it can also form four covalent bonds in certain compounds.
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The covalency of nitrogen is restricted to:
(c) 4
Nitrogen typically forms covalent bonds by sharing four electrons, which allows it to achieve a stable octet electron configuration.