“Reference” is usually used to denote a title used as a source in an academic publication. The “reference list” or “bibliography” which contains all secondary sources is usually printed at the end of a paper or academic publication. On the other hand, “In-text citation” refers to an abbreviated form used in the text of a publication. Since it would too much interrupt the reading if the full reference was printed behind a direct quotation used in the text body, several abbreviated forms have been developed.
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