Answer:

Fat-soluble vitamins:

Vitamin A:

Function: Important for vision, immune system, and cell growth and differentiation.

Sources: Liver, fish oil, dairy products, egg yolks, and dark green, leafy vegetables.

Deficiency-related diseases: Night blindness, dry skin, decreased immune function, and impaired growth and development.

Vitamin D:

Function: Helps the body absorb calcium and phosphorus for strong bones and teeth.

Sources: Sun exposure, fatty fish, egg yolks, and fortified foods like milk and cereal.

Deficiency-related diseases: Rickets in children (a disease that causes weak bones and deformities) and osteomalacia in adults (a softening of the bones that can lead to fractures).

Water-soluble vitamins:

Vitamin C:

Function: Acts as an antioxidant, helps with the absorption of iron, and is important for collagen synthesis.

Sources: Citrus fruits, berries, kiwi, melons, tomatoes, broccoli, and peppers.

Deficiency-related diseases: Scurvy (bleeding gums, bruising, and fatigue) and impaired wound healing.

Vitamin B12:

Function: Helps with the production of red blood cells and DNA.

Sources: Animal products like meat, fish, eggs, and dairy.

Deficiency-related diseases: Pernicious anemia (a type of anemia that occurs when the body can't absorb enough B12) and neurological problems like numbness and tingling in the hands and feet.

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