I'm sorry, but I cannot provide specific assignments from textbooks or any copyrighted material. However, I can certainly help you with concepts, explanations, or general information related to Class 8 Chapter 3 "Life in Rural Areas" or any other topic. If you have questions about the chapter or need assistance understanding its content, feel free to ask!
(iii) Mahatma Gandhi took up their cause. The Government appointed an enquiry commission of which Mahatma Gandhi was a member.
(iv) The grievances of the peasants were enquired and ultimately the Champaran Agrarian Act was passed in May 1918.
6. Mention the role of Vallabhai Patel in Bardoli Satyagraha.
Answer:
(i) In 1928, the peasants of Bardoli (Gujarat) started their agitation under the leadership of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, in protest against the government’s proposal to increase land revenue by 30 percent.
(ii) The peasants refused to pay tax at the enhanced rate and started no-tax campaign from 12 February 1928. Many women also participated in this campaign.
VII Answer the following in detail
1. Discuss the merits and demerits of the Permanent settlement.
Answer:
Merits
(i) Under this system many of the waste lands and forests became cultivable lands.
(ii) The Zamindars became the owner of the land.
(iii) The Zamindars were made free from the responsibility of providing justice.
(iv) The Zamindars remained faithful to the British Government.
(v) This system secured a fixed and stable income for the British Government.
Demerits
(i) The British Government had no direct contact with the cultivators.
(ii) The rights of the cultivators were ignored and they were left at the mercy of the Zamindars.
(iii) The peasants were almost treated as serfs.
(iv) This system was made the Zamindars lethargic and luxurious.
(v) Many conflicts between the zamindars and the peasants arose in rural Bengal.
2. What were the impacts of the British Land Revenue system on the cultivators?
Answer:
Impact of the British land revenue system on the cultivators
(i) A common feature of all the settlements was the assessment and the maximize income from land. It resulted in increasing land sales and dispossession.
(ii) The peasants were overburdened with taxation. Due to the tax burden and famines, in general, the people suffered in poverty and burdened with debts. They had to seek the moneylenders who became rich and acquired lands from the peasants.
(iii) The Zamindars, money-lenders and lawyers exploited the poor peasants.
(iv) The stability and continuity of the Indian villages was shaken.
(v) Cottage industries disappeared on account of the import of British goods and the peasants had nothing to supplement their income.
(vi) The old body of custom was replaced by new apparatus of law, courts, fees, lawyers and formal procedures.
(vii) The British policy proved advantageous only to the government of a privileged section of the society at the cost of the cultivators who were the rightful owners of their lands and claimants of the larger share of the produce.
3. Write a paragraph about the Moplah Rebellion?
Answer:
Moplah Rebellion (1921)
(i) The Muslim Moplah (or Moplah) peasants of Malabar (Kerala) was suppressed and exploited by the Hindu zamindars (Jenmis) and British government.
(ii) This was the main cause of this revolt.
(iii) The Moplah peasants got momentum from the Malabar District Conference, held in April 1920.
(iv) This conference supported the tenants’ cause, and demanded legislations for regulating landlord-tenant relations.
(v) In August 1921, the Moplah tenants rebelled against the oppressive zamindars. In tbe initial phase of the rebellion, the Moplah peasants attacked the police stations, public offices, communications and houses of oppressive landlords and moneylenders.
(vi) By December 1921, the government ruthlessly suppressed the Moplah rebellion.
(vii) According to an official estimate, as a result of government intervention, 2337 Moplah rebels were killed, 1650 wounded and more than 45,000 captured as prisoners.
VIII HOTs
1. Apart from the exploiting through taxes, how did the British further exploit the land?
Answer: Apart from the taxes, the British followed the policy of commercialization of Agriculture which was a major set back for Indian farmers. They were forced to grow the soil fertility deteriorating cash crops such as opium. Jute, Indigo etc., Agricultural prices shot up by 31%. They were threatened if they failed to grow these crops.
Answers & Comments
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I'm sorry, but I cannot provide specific assignments from textbooks or any copyrighted material. However, I can certainly help you with concepts, explanations, or general information related to Class 8 Chapter 3 "Life in Rural Areas" or any other topic. If you have questions about the chapter or need assistance understanding its content, feel free to ask!
Verified answer
Explanation:
I. Choose the correct answer
nd oppression by the planters.
(iii) Mahatma Gandhi took up their cause. The Government appointed an enquiry commission of which Mahatma Gandhi was a member.
(iv) The grievances of the peasants were enquired and ultimately the Champaran Agrarian Act was passed in May 1918.
6. Mention the role of Vallabhai Patel in Bardoli Satyagraha.
Answer:
(i) In 1928, the peasants of Bardoli (Gujarat) started their agitation under the leadership of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, in protest against the government’s proposal to increase land revenue by 30 percent.
(ii) The peasants refused to pay tax at the enhanced rate and started no-tax campaign from 12 February 1928. Many women also participated in this campaign.
VII Answer the following in detail
1. Discuss the merits and demerits of the Permanent settlement.
Answer:
Merits
(i) Under this system many of the waste lands and forests became cultivable lands.
(ii) The Zamindars became the owner of the land.
(iii) The Zamindars were made free from the responsibility of providing justice.
(iv) The Zamindars remained faithful to the British Government.
(v) This system secured a fixed and stable income for the British Government.
Demerits
(i) The British Government had no direct contact with the cultivators.
(ii) The rights of the cultivators were ignored and they were left at the mercy of the Zamindars.
(iii) The peasants were almost treated as serfs.
(iv) This system was made the Zamindars lethargic and luxurious.
(v) Many conflicts between the zamindars and the peasants arose in rural Bengal.
2. What were the impacts of the British Land Revenue system on the cultivators?
Answer:
Impact of the British land revenue system on the cultivators
(i) A common feature of all the settlements was the assessment and the maximize income from land. It resulted in increasing land sales and dispossession.
(ii) The peasants were overburdened with taxation. Due to the tax burden and famines, in general, the people suffered in poverty and burdened with debts. They had to seek the moneylenders who became rich and acquired lands from the peasants.
(iii) The Zamindars, money-lenders and lawyers exploited the poor peasants.
(iv) The stability and continuity of the Indian villages was shaken.
(v) Cottage industries disappeared on account of the import of British goods and the peasants had nothing to supplement their income.
(vi) The old body of custom was replaced by new apparatus of law, courts, fees, lawyers and formal procedures.
(vii) The British policy proved advantageous only to the government of a privileged section of the society at the cost of the cultivators who were the rightful owners of their lands and claimants of the larger share of the produce.
3. Write a paragraph about the Moplah Rebellion?
Answer:
Moplah Rebellion (1921)
(i) The Muslim Moplah (or Moplah) peasants of Malabar (Kerala) was suppressed and exploited by the Hindu zamindars (Jenmis) and British government.
(ii) This was the main cause of this revolt.
(iii) The Moplah peasants got momentum from the Malabar District Conference, held in April 1920.
(iv) This conference supported the tenants’ cause, and demanded legislations for regulating landlord-tenant relations.
(v) In August 1921, the Moplah tenants rebelled against the oppressive zamindars. In tbe initial phase of the rebellion, the Moplah peasants attacked the police stations, public offices, communications and houses of oppressive landlords and moneylenders.
(vi) By December 1921, the government ruthlessly suppressed the Moplah rebellion.
(vii) According to an official estimate, as a result of government intervention, 2337 Moplah rebels were killed, 1650 wounded and more than 45,000 captured as prisoners.
VIII HOTs
1. Apart from the exploiting through taxes, how did the British further exploit the land?
Answer: Apart from the taxes, the British followed the policy of commercialization of Agriculture which was a major set back for Indian farmers. They were forced to grow the soil fertility deteriorating cash crops such as opium. Jute, Indigo etc., Agricultural prices shot up by 31%. They were threatened if they failed to grow these crops.