ACTIVITY 3: WHAT COULD POSSIBLY HAPPEN WHEN AN EARTHQUAKE OCCURS? (Do this with parent/ guardian’s supervision). MATERIALS: sheets of newspaper, rectangular plastic or aluminum container/tray, sand, water, piece of wood, hammer PROCEDURE:
1. Spread the sheets of newspaper on the table
2. Put the rectangular plastic or aluminum container on the newspaper.
3. Fill the container with sand.
4. Pour water on the sand just enough to wet it.
5. Push the piece of wood upright into the wet sand. (This will represent a structure/building).
6. Use the hammer to gently tap the container.
7. Observe what happens to the sand and the piece of wood.
Results and Analysis:
1. What happened to the sand when you tap the container with hammer?
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2. What happened to the piece of wood when you tap the container with hammer?
____________________________________________________________
3. How will you relate this experiment to earthquake? Explain.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
4. Have you experienced or heard news about the occurrence of an earthquake or
volcanic eruption in a certain place? When and where did it happen?
___________________________________________________________________
5. What happens to the land surface of a certain place that is affected by the
earthquake or a volcanic eruption (your answer in no.4)?
___________________________________________________________________
1. Spread the sheets of newspaper on the table
2. Put the rectangular plastic or aluminum container on the newspaper.
3. Fill the container with sand.
4. Pour water on the sand just enough to wet it.
5. Push the piece of wood upright into the wet sand. (This will represent a structure/building).
6. Use the hammer to gently tap the container.
7. Observe what happens to the sand and the piece of wood.
Results and Analysis:
1. What happened to the sand when you tap the container with hammer?
____________________________________________________________
2. What happened to the piece of wood when you tap the container with hammer?
____________________________________________________________
3. How will you relate this experiment to earthquake? Explain.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
4. Have you experienced or heard news about the occurrence of an earthquake or
volcanic eruption in a certain place? When and where did it happen?
___________________________________________________________________
5. What happens to the land surface of a certain place that is affected by the
earthquake or a volcanic eruption (your answer in no.4)?
___________________________________________________________________
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1.)There will be water in cavities between the grains, but the mixture will behave as a solid. When you shear or squeeze the sand (essentially what you are doing by striking the container with a hammer) you are trying to push the sand particles closer together.
2.)It takes a lot of energy to drive a nail into a solid piece of wood. The hammer drives the nail through the structure of the wood. As the nail drives through, it pushes aside the cellulose fibers of the wood, which are held strongly together by lignin. As a result, the nail is held firmly in the wood.
3.)The tectonic plates are always slowly moving, but they get stuck at their edges due to friction. When the stress on the edge overcomes the friction, there is an earthquake that releases energy in waves that travel through the earth's crust and cause the shaking that we feel.
4.)
caused long period earthquakes are produced by vibrations generated by the movement of magma or other fluids within the volcano. Pressure within the system increases and the surrounding rock fails, creating small earthquakes.
5.)Volcanic eruptions can profoundly change the landscape, initially through both destructive (flank failure and caldera formation) and constructive (lava flows, domes, and pyroclastic deposits) processes, which destroy vegetation and change the physical nature of the surface.
Explanation:
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