Answer:
DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH
When the actual words of the speaker are reproduced, it is called direct speech.
Example: He said, ‘I am going to school.’
When the main idea of a speaker’s words is reported by another person and the exact
words are not quoted, it is called indirect speech or reported speech.
Example: He said that he was going to school.
• Quotation marks or ‘inverted commas’ are used for direct speech.
Example: ‘I have cut my finger!’ cried Mrs Sharma.
• Quotation marks are not used for indirect or reported speech.
Example: Mrs Sharma cried that she had cut her finger.
• Question marks and exclamation marks are not used in reported speech.
Examples: ‘Is it bleeding very much?’ Mr Sharma asked. (direct)
Mr Sharma asked if it was bleeding very much. (indirect)
• In reported speech, the reporting verbs like asked/enquired, commanded/
ordered/requested, advised/suggested, exclaimed/shouted, etc are often used
in place of the reporting verb ‘said’ to convey the mood of the spoken words.
Examples: Ramesh said, ‘How hot the soup is!’ (direct)
Ramesh exclaimed that the soup was hot. (indirect)
‘Stir it with your spoon,’ his sister said. (direct)
His sister advised him to stir it with a spoon. (indirect)
The son said to his mother, ‘I shall never be rude to you.’ (direct)
The son promised his mother that he would never be rude to her.
(indirect)
‘Why has the clock stopped?’ thought Peter. (direct)
Peter wondered why the clock had stopped. (indirect)
• The tense of the verb in the reported speech is in the past tense. However, if
the verb in the reported speech is stating a universal truth, a habit, a constant
situation, the tense of that verb does not change:
Examples: The boy said, ‘I brush my teeth every day.’ (simple present tense)
The boy said that he brushes his teeth every day. (simple present
tense)
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Answers & Comments
Answer:
DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH
When the actual words of the speaker are reproduced, it is called direct speech.
Example: He said, ‘I am going to school.’
When the main idea of a speaker’s words is reported by another person and the exact
words are not quoted, it is called indirect speech or reported speech.
Example: He said that he was going to school.
• Quotation marks or ‘inverted commas’ are used for direct speech.
Example: ‘I have cut my finger!’ cried Mrs Sharma.
• Quotation marks are not used for indirect or reported speech.
Example: Mrs Sharma cried that she had cut her finger.
• Question marks and exclamation marks are not used in reported speech.
Examples: ‘Is it bleeding very much?’ Mr Sharma asked. (direct)
Mr Sharma asked if it was bleeding very much. (indirect)
• In reported speech, the reporting verbs like asked/enquired, commanded/
ordered/requested, advised/suggested, exclaimed/shouted, etc are often used
in place of the reporting verb ‘said’ to convey the mood of the spoken words.
Examples: Ramesh said, ‘How hot the soup is!’ (direct)
Ramesh exclaimed that the soup was hot. (indirect)
‘Stir it with your spoon,’ his sister said. (direct)
His sister advised him to stir it with a spoon. (indirect)
The son said to his mother, ‘I shall never be rude to you.’ (direct)
The son promised his mother that he would never be rude to her.
(indirect)
‘Why has the clock stopped?’ thought Peter. (direct)
Peter wondered why the clock had stopped. (indirect)
• The tense of the verb in the reported speech is in the past tense. However, if
the verb in the reported speech is stating a universal truth, a habit, a constant
situation, the tense of that verb does not change:
Examples: The boy said, ‘I brush my teeth every day.’ (simple present tense)
The boy said that he brushes his teeth every day. (simple present
tense)