Answer:

1. Trachea - The windpipe (trachea) is the largest airway. The trachea branches into two smaller airways: the left and right bronchi, which lead to the two lungs.

2. Larynx - The larynx is the upper opening into the windpipe (trachea), the passageway to the lungs.

3. Aveoli - The alveoli are the functional units of the lungs and they form the site of gaseous exchange.

4. Oxygen - Gas exchange takes place in the millions of alveoli in the lungs and the capillaries that envelop them. As shown below, inhaled oxygen moves from the alveoli to the blood in the capillaries, and carbon dioxide moves from the blood in the capillaries to the air in the alveoli.

5. The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a tube about 4 inches long and less than an inch in diameter in most people. The trachea begins just under the larynx (voice box) and runs down behind the breastbone (sternum). The trachea then divides into two smaller tubes called bronchi: one bronchus for each lung.

6. Emphysema - Emphysema, also called pulmonary emphysema, condition characterized by widespread destruction of the gas-exchanging tissues of the lungs, resulting in abnormally large air spaces. ... In addition, loss of elastic tissue from the walls of the destroyed alveoli causes the lungs to expand within the chest cage.

7. Tiny hairs called cilia (SIL-ee-uh) protect the nasal passageways and other parts of the respiratory tract, filtering out dust and other particles that enter the nose through the breathed air. ... The trachea, or windpipe, is the continuation of the airway below the larynx

8. Among the most extensively studied environmental factors influencing allergy are airborne allergens: dust mites, pollens, fungi and animal dander. Foods may elicit both true IgE-mediated allergy and also various non-immunological reactions, associated with direct release of mediators or toxic activity.