A non-metal ‘P’ which is the largest constituent of air, when heated with hydrogen in 1:3 ratio in the presence of catalyst (Fe) gives a gas Q. On heating ‘P’ with oxygen an oxide ‘R’ is formed. If this oxide (R) is passed into water in the presence of air, an acid S is formed which acts as a strong oxidizing agent. Identify P, Q, R and S, and give chemical equations of the reactions involved to justify your answer.
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Answer:
The non-metal 'P' is nitrogen (N₂), which is the largest constituent of air, making up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. When heated with hydrogen (H₂) in a 1:3 ratio in the presence of a catalyst like iron (Fe), it forms ammonia (NH₃), represented by the gas 'Q'.
The chemical equation for this reaction is:
N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃
Now, when 'P' (nitrogen, N₂) is heated with oxygen (O₂), it forms nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), which can be represented as the oxide 'R':
2N₂ + 2O₂ → 4NO₂
Now, if oxide 'R' (NO₂) is passed into water (H₂O) in the presence of air, it forms nitric acid (HNO₃), represented as 'S.' Nitric acid is a strong oxidizing agent.
The chemical equation for this reaction is:
3NO₂ + H₂O + 1.5O₂ → 2HNO₃
So, to summarize:
- 'P' is nitrogen (N₂).
- 'Q' is ammonia (NH₃).
- 'R' is nitrogen dioxide (NO₂).
- 'S' is nitric acid (HNO₃).
Explanation:
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