Answer:

• 1.When rocks are exposed in high temperature, the rocks will melt and turn into magma. And when magma rises on the surface and comes out during volcanic eruption, new rocks are being formed. ... New rocks are created as magma rises on the surface of the earth cools down forming igneous rocks.
• 2.Open-pit mining, or open-cast mining is a surface mining technique of extracting rock or minerals from the earth by their removal from an open pit or borrow. This form of mining differs from extractive methods that require tunneling into the earth, such as long wall mining.