Let’s Apply
Read the short story then answer each question.
Why Does the Ocean Have Waves?

The ocean is never still. Whether observing from the beach or a boat, we expect
to see waves on the horizon. Waves are created by energy passing through
water, causing it to move in a circular motion. However, water does not actually
travel in waves. Waves transmit energy, not water, across the ocean and if not
obstructed by anything, they have the potential to travel across an entire ocean
basin.
Waves are most commonly caused by wind. Wind-driven waves, or surface
waves, are created by the friction between wind and surface water. As wind
blows across the surface of the ocean or a lake, the continual disturbance
creates a wave crest. These types of waves are found globally across the open
ocean and along the coast.

3 │ ENGLISH 4, WEEK 2 QUARTER 4
More potentially hazardous waves can be caused by severe weather, like a
hurricane. The strong winds and pressure from this type of severe storm causes
storm surge, a series of long waves that are created far from shore in deeper
water and intensify as they move closer to land.
Other hazardous waves can be caused by underwater disturbances that
displace large amounts of water quickly such as earthquakes, landslides, or
volcanic eruptions. These very long waves are called tsunamis. Storm surgeand
tsunamis are not the types of waves you imagine crashing down on the shore.
These waves roll upon the shore like a massive sea level rise and can reach far
distances inland. The gravitational pull of the sun and moon on the earth also
causes waves. These waves are tides or, in other words, tidal waves. It is a
common misconception that a tidal wave is also a tsunami. The cause of
tsunamis is not related to tide information at all but can occur in any tidal state.
[Via National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]

Reference: https://www.k5learning.com/sites/all/files/worksheets/readingcomprehension/4th-grade-4-reading-
waves.pdf Accessed January 8, 2021

Questions:
1. What creates waves?

2. What could be an obstruction to waves?

3. Why do you think wind is the most common cause of wave creation?

4. What are some causes of hazardous waves?

5. What is another name for a certain type of wave?

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